Racial differences

Susceptibility to acne is also due to genetic factors. It does not follow Mendelian rules however, if both parents had severe acne when adolescents, their children are likely to present with clinical acne in puberty. Genetic factors play an important role in determining the size and the activity of sebaceous glands, while exogenous factors such as colonization of P acnes modulate the clinical expression of acne. Racial differences also exist. Caucasians are more prone to severe acne than black people. 

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Williams, D. R., Yu, Y. Jackson, J. S. (1997). Racial differences in physical and mental health socio-economic status, stress and discrimination. Journal of Health Psychology, 2(3), 335-51. 

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Carson, R, Ziesche, S., Johnson, G. et al. (1999). Racial differences in response to therapy for heart failure analysis of the vasodilator-heart failure trials. /. Card. Pail., 5, 178-87. 

Okpaku, S., Frazer, A. Mendels, J. (2005). A pilot study of racial differences in erythrocyte lithium transport. Am.. Psychiatry, 137, 120-1. 

Shavers, V. L., Lynch, C. F. Burmeister, L. F. (2002). Racial differences in factors that influence the willingness to participate in medical research studies. Ann. Epidemiol., 12, 248-56. 

Lanphear BP, Weitzman M, Eberly S. 1996a. Racial differences in urban children s environmental exposures to lead. Am J Public Health 86(10) 1460-1463. 

Chen KK, Poth EJ. Racial differences as illustrated by the mydriatic action of cocaine, euphthalmine and ephedrine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1929 36 429-445. 

Wood AJJ. Racial differences in the response to dmgs - pointers to genetic differences. N Eng J Med 2001 344 1393-1396. 

A study on racial differences in receipt of analgesics found that nearly three-fourths (74%) of white patients compared with 57% of African American patients received analgesics for lower extremity fractures in emergency departments (Todd et al., 2001). An assessment of racial/ethnic differences in physicians prescriptions of patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain found that after adjustment for age, gender, preoperative... 

Wood, A., "Racial Differences in Response to Drugs-Pointers to Genetic Differences," N. Engl. J. Med., 344, 1393-1395 (2001). 

Although African Americans and whites share many of the same genetic susceptibilities, some racial differences in the incidence or significance of certain disease predictions may exist. In some cases, African Americans may have a risk that whites do not. For example, researchers have recently found that a mutation in the gene coding for a protein essential for blood clotting... 

The inverse relationship between apo(a) size and concentration has been clearly demonstrated in Caucasians (U6, U9) (Table 2). Racial differences in Lp(a)... 

C6. Cobbaert, C., and Kesteroot, H., Serum lipoprotein(a) levels in racially different populations. 

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