Critical research organizations

The field of these very important chemicals covers a very broad scope. An organized consideration of all phases of the problem is needed in developing a research program. From this the most critical research needs should be selected and emphasized. The following outline presents one type of an organized picture of the breadth and scope of the problem, and the variety of research and educational needs. Chemistry plays a major role in this work. 

The Patent Activity Data Base was developed to provide better tracking and follow-up of this critical activity. The course of a patent disclosure from the time it is first disclosed until a patent is issued or it is abandoned can be a complicated process stretched over a time period of several years. Monitoring the status of the patent disclosures of a large research organization over this period of time is a formidable task. The Patent Disclosure Tracking Data Base was developed to centralize the stored information on patent disclosures in a searchable and retrievable form. This data base consists of two data files illustrated in Table I. The first is the... 

Historically, attention on soil organic matter (SOM) has focused on the central role that it plays in ecosystem fertility and soil properties, but in the past two decades the role of soil organic carbon in moderating atmospheric C02 concentrations has emerged as a critical research area.This chapter will focus on the storage and turnover of natural organic matter in soil (SOM), in the context of the global carbon cycle. 

I was also available for advice between those visits. This concerned the consultantships. Another company asked me to run an audit of their research activities. I set up a small group of colleagues and we visited all their research groups and reported critically on their research organization. From this a permanent Scientific Council of the company grew out, and the same then happened with another company. In the chairmanship of one of these Scientific Councils, Jean-Marie Lehn succeeded me and I was happy to see this position to remain in the family. Both Jean-Marie and Pierre-GiUes de Gennes had become members of this Scientific Committee before they received their Nobel Prizes. 

L.A. Plumb and G.W. Skyring are thanked for their critical comments and advice. The Baas Becking Laboratory is supported by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, the Bureau of Mineral Resources and the Australian Mineral Industrial Research Association Ltd. 

Outsourcing Clinical Drug Development Activities to Contract Research Organizations (CROs) Critical Success Factors... 

P. L. Waters, Binders for fuel briquettes. A critical survey . Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Mineral Chemistry, NSW, Australia, Technical Communication 51, May 1969. 

Van Assche and Ciarletta 1992, Cadmium in the Environment Levels, Trends and Critical Pathways, Edited Proceedings Seventh International Cadmium Conference -New Orleans, Cadmium Association (London), Cadmium Council (Reston VA) and International Lead Zinc Research Organization (Research Triangle Park NC). 

Spectacular advances in all four of these areas have facUitated the remarkable expansion of mass spectrometry in diverse areas, including the subject of this volume. Sometimes new applications are introduced by mass spectrometrists recognizing an area of opportunity and sometimes by researchers in that area who have the temerity and opportunity to try a new technique. In any case, mass spectrometry has become a central tool in scientific investigation, and facilities for its use have become a critical part of virtually all scientific research organizations. 

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