Patent activity data base

The Patent Activity Data Base was developed to provide better tracking and follow-up of this critical activity. The course of a patent disclosure from the time it is first disclosed until a patent is issued or it is abandoned can be a complicated process stretched over a time period of several years. Monitoring the status of the patent disclosures of a large research organization over this period of time is a formidable task. The Patent Disclosure Tracking Data Base was developed to centralize the stored information on patent disclosures in a searchable and retrievable form. This data base consists of two data files illustrated in Table I. The first is the... 

Administrative applications of data base management systems patent activity data base, 19 patent disclosure tracking data base, 19t... 

Data curation involves capturing of data from journals and patents to be entered into an ISIS-base template designed for a specific database. The data resources here were journal articles, patents, publicly available resources, conference abstracts, and industry brochures. When the data resource contains individually specified or characterized compounds, then it would be curated based on three criteria, quantitative activity data, qualitative activity data, and data containing no activity information. Curation of quantitative activity data was restricted to the number of scaffolds and kind of activity. When the activity was distinct to the compounds all the compounds reported in a data source were curated, while it was restricted to a maximum of 500 compounds covering all the scaffolds in the data source when a range of activities was reported. 

In addition to contracting for research on the pharmaceutical R D process, OTA sought out other sources of data bearing on costs of R D and returns to the industry from these activities. Data availability was a major problem, particularly data on domestic and worldwide sales of new drugs introduced to the U.S. market during specific time intervals. OTA was able to purchase limited data on domestic sales from IMS America, Inc., a market research firm specializing in surveys of pharmaceutical purchases and prescriptions, but was required to rely mainly on a sales data analysis conducted for other purposes by the Food and D r u g A d ministration. OTA was also able to contract with Stephen Schondelmeyer of Purdue University to provide a report on pharmaceutical sales for drugs that have recently lost patent protection based on IMS America data. 

Of the six naturally occurring echinocandin families, only the original echinocandins and the pneumocandins have been subjected to extensive structure-activity studies by synthetic alteration. Structure-activity work based on WFl 1899 has been conducted by scientists at Fujisawa, but only limited data was found in the patent literature at the time of this writing (30,31). The remainder of this section describes the structure-activity studies of the echinocandin and pneumocandin derivatives. 

The patent and open literature were searched for examples of dye sensitized photopolymerization in which a common monomer (acrylamide), and one of several common dyes (thionine, T methylene blue, MB or rose bengal, RB) were used in combination with a stated concentration of an activator. The polymerization conditions (monomer concentration, light intensity absorbed, and extent conversion) were stated in each case chosen for inclusion. The relative photospeed of the system was calculated based on several corrections to the raw data. We here define the relative photospeed of a composition as the inverse of the exposure time t needed to effect some fixed percentage of monomer conversion. 

Aresta et al. have investigated several catalytic systems, under various reaction conditions, and have patented a method [235] of recovering the catalyst and isolating and purifying the product. For this, different metal systems were used (Table 7.4) in an attempt to identify the most efficient system, by considering not only the metal s activity but also its recoverability and reuse. Based on the data collected, the most active catalyst was found to be y-ZrP. 

Aside from the recently described Cu/Th02 catalysts, copper on chromia and copper on silica have been reported to catalyze methanol synthesis at low temperatures and pressures in various communications that are neither patents nor refereed publications. It is not feasible to critically review statements unsupported by published data or verifiable examples. However, physical and chemical interactions similar to those documented in the copper-zinc oxide catalysts are possible in several copper-metal oxide systems and the active form of copper may be stabilized by oxides of zinc, thorium, chromium, silicon, and many other elements. At the same time it is doubtful that more active and selective binary copper-based catalysts than... 

It is claimed in the cited patent that when the product of the initiator decomposition rate constant (.Kd) and the reactor dwell time is greater than or equal to unity, the reaction becomes insensitive to temperature. The data in Table 12.8 illustrate this by comparing two continuous processes with 60-min dwell times that differ only in the activity of the initiator used. The first process, represented in Table 12.8, employs AIBN at 2% based on monomer fed. With a of only 0.01 h at 50°C, this initiator yields a polymerization process that is highly sensitive to temperature perturbations. When the temperature was increased from 40 to 50°C, for example, the rate of polymerization increased tenfold. The improved thermal stability offered by the Montedison process is illustrated in Table 12.9, where an extremely active redox initiator is used. 

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