Credit terms

The raw-materials inventory included in working capital usually amounts to a 1-month supply of the raw materials valued at delivered prices. Finished products in stock and semifinished products have a value approximately equal to the total manufacturing cost for 1 month s production. Because credit terms extended to customers are usually based on an allowable 30-day payment period, the working capital required for accounts receivable ordinarily amounts to the production cost for 1 month of operation. 

Moreover, duration will be influenced by the floater s stmcture. In fact, the choice of the reference rate affects the duration depending on how much volatile the index is. The lower the frequency of couptm payments, the greater the price sensitivity between reset dates. Thus, while floating-rate notes have a lower price sensitivity to a change of the reference rate, fixed and floating-rate notes both have a price sensitivity to changes of credit spread reflecting the issuer s creditworthiness. A shift of the credit term structure will determine the decline of the bond s price. 

Finance managers may ask for certain conditions to be met before products are dispatched to an overseas client. Some of these could relate to the performance guarantee terms (these must be finalised in consultation with technical persons), payment of an advance amount by the client, credit terms asked for by client, whether client agrees to pay the costs of packing, insurance and transport for the consignments, and any other taxes and levies to be paid to statutory authorities in supplier s country and client s country. 

It is important to consider the amount of time that the curriculum gives over to the PBL module. In ECTS credit terms, 33% of the student time in this semester is assigned to PBL. However, the nature of the case studies when compared to the parallel modules which are all assessed based on a terminal exam which occurs at least one week after the end of the semester, inevitably leads to a concentration of student resources on the PBL module. 

RECs — Renewable Energy Credits (Term Specific to the USA)... 

Creditors are people we owe money to. In supply chain terms, this term applies mainly to our suppliers. Many organisations think that lengthy payment terms to suppliers maximise credit and therefore improve the balance sheet. The downside of this thinking is that suppliers factor in the credit terms to their prices, and their own balance sheets become saddled with debt. 

Our products are sold for cash or on credit terms. Our credit terms, which are established in accordance with local and industry practices, typically require payment within 30 days of delivery in the U.S., and generally within 30 to 90 days internationally, and may allow discounts for early payment. We recognize revenue upon shipment or delivery to our customers based on written sales terms that do not allow for a right of return. 

Most private retailers and facilities in both coimtries had built up longterm relationships with one or a few private wholesalers/importers, from whom they bought most of their supplies. The determinants of choice of supplier were predominantly price and credit terms, followed by issues such as transport arrangements and variety of items available. None could judge quality except through expiry dates and experience... 

The interrelated issues of price and credit terms were key private shops and facilities are often struggling to maintain cash flow themselves, so they are looking for credit from suppliers. This was quite a typical comment ... 

Public drug procurement payments can be made in at least in three ways advance payment, cash on delivery or credit terms. Each of these payment modes affects the manufacturers cash flows, cost of finance and eventually the cost of manufacturing pharmaceuticals. The payment terms can be a source of finance for the firm to use in the production process, or they can cause the producer to seek external expensive finance whilst awaiting payment for goods produced and delivered for periods ranging up to six months. 

In effect, many local pharmaceutical firms have no option but to provide the government with credit terms they are effectively helping to finance the local health system. This generates recurrent cash flow problems as they try to fund successive operating cycles. The process of waiting for payment, especially on an order which is large relative to the firm s capacity, can undermine the firm s ability to procure raw materials and pay labour and associated production costs for the next production cycle, as well as constraining effective sales and distribution. 

Clearly there was no lack of devoted adversaries (perhaps a more proper term than enemies) on both sides of the norbornyl ion controversy. It is to their credit that we today probably know more about the structure of carbocations, such as the norbornyl cation, than about most other chemical species. Their efforts also resulted not only in rigorous studies but also in the development or improvement of many techniques. Although many believe that too much effort was expended... 

Economic Aspects. Terephthahc acid and dimethyl terephthalate are usually sold under long-term contracts. Pricing information is at times pubhshed but actual contract prices are not revealed. Price data pubhshed in 1992 were 0.60/kg for terephthahc acid and 0.57/kg for dimethyl terephthalate (42). The price is mainly influenced by the price of -xylene. The price of terephthahc acid is more than dimethyl terephthalate because a kilogram of it produces 17% more polyester. The price of dimethyl terephthalate takes this factor plus a credit for the methanol generated during polyester production into consideration. 

The level of benefits from tax credits and favorable power purchase terms that helped give these installations their start has diminished in recent years. Nevertheless, with the remaining tax credits available and given current (ca 1995) natural gas prices, solar-thermal technology can deUver power at 8—12 /kW-h and an installed cost of 2500— 3000/kW. 

Absorption spectroscopy records depletion by the sample of radiant energy from a continuous or frequency-tunable source, at resonance frequencies that are characteristic of various energy levels ia atoms or molecules. The basic law of absorption, credited to Bouguer-Lambert-Beer, states that ia terms of the iacident, Jq, and transmitted, light iatensities, the absorbance, M (or transmittance, T), is given by equation 1 ... 

Accounts payable, also called trade credit, are the major source of short-term financing. Accounts payable normally amount to about 40 percent of the current liabihties of a manufacturing company. Such short-term financing is relatively expensive when available discounts are lost. 

The final design should meet process requirements (within reasonable expectations of error) at lowest cost. The lowest cost should include operation and maintenance costs and credit for ability to meet long-term process changes, as well as installed (capital) cost. Ex(mangers should not be selected entirely on a lowest-first-cost basis, which frequently results in future penalties. 

Shows the margin of safety available to short-term creditors. Significantly higher ratios than 2 1 may indicate excess stocks, poor credit control or inadequate control of cash resources. 

Let us return to the debit and credit balance we found in our water gas fuel problem. In terms of A//, the heat effects are as follows ... 

International Pharmaceutical Abstracts. International Pharmaceutical Abstracts [104], published semimonthly, is an abstracting/indexing publication which covers all pharmaceutical literature. IPA covers approximately 700 worldwide pharmaceutical, medical, herbal, cosmetics, and health-related publications. IPA features all abstracts from American Society of Health-System Pharmacist s Annual, Midyear Clinical, and Home, Hospice, and Long-Term Care Meetings, coverage of state pharmacy journals, and American Pharmaceutical Association and American College of Clinical Pharmacy meeting abstracts. IPA indicates articles that offer CE credit. IPA is commercially available in several formats. 

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