Credibility function

A a is also characterized by two functions the credibility function denoted Cred and the plausibility function denoted PI. The credibility of a subset A is the sum of all pieces of evidence that support A and the plausibility of A the sum of pieces of evidence not supporting ->A. 

Related to fault detection and isolation Cred credibility function... 

The equations have been expressed as proportionals however, they can be used by simply ratioing an old to a new value. To add credibility to fan law adaptation, recall the flow coefficient, Equation 5.19, The term Qj/N is used which shows a direct proportion between volume Qj and speed N. Equation 5.12 indicates the head, Hp, to be a function of the tip speed, squared. The tip speed is, in turn, a direct function of speed making head proportional to speed. Finally, the power, Wp, is a function of head multiplied by flow, from which the deduction of power, proper tional to the speed cubed, may be made. 

Thermally unstable chemicals and materials are thermally unstable if they decompose or degrade as a function of temperature and time within a credible temperature range of interest. 

As for values in solvents with intermediate D, (ca. 10-15) only a very few of the many claims to have obtained kp+ in such solvents can be taken at face value and their critical evaluation is beyond the scope of this article. Suffice it to say that the most credible values appear to lie in the range 104 to 106 1 mol"1 s"1 for chlorinated solvents of D ca. 10 and ca. 300 K. It is therefore much too early yet to discuss whether these kp values conform to any of the theoretical relations between the rate-constant of an ion-molecule reaction and some function of D such as that of Laidler and Landskroener [12] or Hiromi [13] (see also [14]). 

Bridging organizations In presentations on the functioning of the academies made by Dr. Riesa and Prof. Lu, the National Academies of both the United States and China, were offered as good examples of institutions that link scientists and decision makers. Features that help the Academies maintain credibility and authority include its independence, objectivity, and relevance to decision making. 

The differences among the three terms are not just of theoretical interest. They touch nearly every aspect of our daily lives because they are central to the functions of the agencies that protect the public health and the environment. Specifically, to be credible, these agencies must base their actions on "accepted scientific knowledge. Consequently, they collect enormous amounts of experimental data. These data, however, are of little use until they are first converted to scientific information and then placed in the context of other relevant scientific information and thereby become knowledge. 

The decision can be based on the maximum of credibility or on the maximum of plausibility, which are respectively pessimistic and optimistic decision rules. Another method proposed in [28] consists to share equally the mass of a proposition between all singletons of which it is composed. The new function is a probability repartition called pignistic probability and defined as ... 

The methods discussed above have been widely used to assess the effect of either continuous or intermittent nicotine on nAChR functions and brain biochemistry (Matta et al. 2007). For models of nicotine withdrawal, see the chapter by Malin in this volume. Given the intrinsic advantages and limitations of each approach, the non-contingent nature of most administration regimes and the absence of associated cues, it is important that these paradigms are not assumed to model tobacco addiction per se. Sometimes, the experiments are conducted in concert with behavioural measures (e.g. precipitation of withdrawal with somatic signs), which give more credibility to the assertion that a state of nicotine dependence has been achieved (Kenny and Markou 2005). 

Technology advances in electronics such as process control instrumentation systems, computer capabilities, programmable logic controllers, and the use of independent PC s (personal computers) at field locations for special dedicated functions present new challenges to incident investigation. Some of the advances are so rapid that the team may not have the internal expertise to determine failure scenarios, sequences, and modes. The suppliers and manufacturers of these high-tech devices are sometimes the only source of credible information on failure modes of these devices. 

The European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) will manage the technical, scientific, and administrative aspects of the REACH system at Community level, aiming to ensure that REACH functions well and has credibility with all stakeholders. 

Hartree-Fock, local density, density functional and MP2 models provide a credible account of dipole moments in hydrocarbons. Even STO-3G and 3-2IG (Hartree-Fock) models appear to be suitable. Not only is the mean absolute error very low (0.1 debye or less), but all models properly account for a variety of subtle trends in the experimental data, for example, the increase in dipole moment in cyclopropene in response to methyl substitution on the double bond. Finally, note that there is very little difference in the performance of any of the models with 6-3IG and 6-311+G basis sets. 

For farmers to be able to sell their products, consumers require sufficient confidence in the organic production and marketing processes to be willing to buy. Over the last 20 years, considerable effort has been expended by both public (state authorities) and private (e.g. farmers associations) organisations into developing a well-functioning certification scheme. As a result, many countries have credible organic standards and certification procedures. Availability of markets... 

The slippery slope from acceptance of the veracity of the subjectivity of these accounts to acceptance of the veracity of the objective implications of the accounts is difficult enough to understand in the patient informants. But patients are already functionally marginal in one way or another, otherwise they would not be patients And to understand why one cannot easily overthrow delusions, try teaching yourself lucid dreaming. It s not easy, especially if you are middle aged or older, as are most abductees. And, as with all of us, there is a lot at stake—personal credibility and personal worth, among other things. 

Density functional approaches to molecular electronic structure rely on the existence theorem [10] of a universal functional of the electron density. Since this theorem does not provide any direction as to how such a functional should be constructed, the functionals in existence are obtained by relying on various physical models, such as the uniform electron gas and others. In particular, the construction of an exchange-correlation potential that depends on the electron density only locally seems impossible without some approximations. Such approximate exchange-correlation potentials have been derived and applied with some success for the description of molecular electronic ground states and their properties. However, there is no credible evidence that such simple constructions can lead to either systematic approximate treatments, or an exact description of molecular electronic properties. The exact functional that seems to... 

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