Copper, arsenite sulfate

Copper compounds are used routinely and widely to control freshwater snails that serve as intermediate vectors of schistosomiasis and other diseases that afflict humans (Hasler 1949 NAS 1977 Rowe and Prince 1983 Winger etal. 1984 Al-Sabri etal. 1993). These compounds include copper sulfate, copper pentachlorophenate, copper carbonate, copper-tartaric acid, Paris green (copper arsenite-acetate), copper oxide, copper chloride, copper acetyl acetonate, copper dimethyl dithiocar-bamate, copper ricinoleate, and copper rosinate (Cheng 1979). Also, many species of oyster enemies are controlled by copper sulfate dips. All tested species of marine gastropods, tunicates, echinoderms, and crabs that had been dipped for 5 seconds in a saturated solution of copper sulfate died if held in air for as little as a few seconds to 8 h mussels, however, were resistant (MacKenzie 1961). 

Cumene Hydroperoxide Copper Acetate Copper Arsenite Copper Bromide Copper Chloride Copper Fluoioborate Copper Arsenite Copper Cyanide Copper Nitrate Copper Oxalate Copper Sulfate... 

Like zinc, copper and its compounds have been used since ancient times, with copper dust, acetate, sulfate and carbonate reported in Egyptian and Hindu prescriptions, and also used by Hippocrates and Galen. Copper arsenite was used in 1892 for anemia and debility. Copper sulfate was recommended to strengthen man, to stimulate the heart and blood vessels, to increase deposition of fat and to treat anemia. The adult requirement is 1.25 mg Cud-1, about one third of which is absorbed. TPN should be supplemented with 0.5—1.5 mg d-1 (adults) and 20 gg (kg weight)-1 d-1 (children). 

Cobalt Niuate Cobalt Nitrate Cobalt Sulfate Cobalt Sulfate Oils Edible Coconut Oils Edible Coconut Oil Resin Oil Rozin Collodion Ethyl Alcohol Methyl Alcohol Methyl Alcohol Methylcyclopentadienyl-manganese Tricarbonyl Polyphosphoric Acid Copper Acetate Copper Acetoarsenite Copper Arsenite Ferrous Sulfate Copper Pluoroborate Copper Bromide Copper Chloride Copper Cyanide Copper Pluoroborate... 

Seemingly a copper-arsenic green (q.v.). Terry (1893) describes the process as involving the preparation of copper arsenite from copper sulfate and sodium arsenite ( arsenite of soda ). The precipitate is then treated widi acetic acid or, interestingly, formic acid the former would result in the usual copper acetate arsenite, the latter in copper formate arsenite. Terry comments The pigment thus produced is of good colour, but its superiority would not seem to justify the use of such an expensive article as pure formic acid, nor the minute adjustment of the proportions of die ingredients, in an operation to be conducted on a commercial scale. ... 

According to Bersch (1901), lime green is a mixture of copper arsenite and calcium sulfate. Lime green is also Usted under Colour Index (1971) reference Cl 77412 patent green (q.v.) was apparently synonymous. 

Calcium sulfates group Copper arsenite group Patent green Bersch (1901) 250 Colour Index ( 91 ) 77412... 

Thirteen grams of sodium metaarsenite and 1 g. of copper sulfate are dissolved in 300 cc. of water. This solution is stirred during the entire course of the arsonation. In small portions, the mixture of solid fluorene-diazonium chloride and its saturated solution is added to the arsenite at room temperature. At once a vigorous evolution of nitrogen occurs. Sufficient 6 N sodium hydroxide solution is added from time to time to make this arsenite solution just alkaline. When all the diazo compound... 

Herbicides are chemicals used to destroy unwanted plants (terrestrial or aquatic) called weeds. Herbicides fall into two broad categories inorganic (e.g., copper sulfate, sodium chlorate, and sodium arsenite) and organic (e.g., chlorophenoxy compounds, dinitrophenols, bipyridyl compounds, carbamates, and amide herbicides). Historically, inorganic compounds were the first available and the first used. There has been over a long period a continuous effort to develop herbicide compounds that are more selective—that affect weeds, as opposed to desirable plants. 

A solution of 172 g. (1.0 mole) of p-bromoaniline, 300 ml. of hydrochloric acid, and 400 ml. of water is poured on to 800 g. of crushed ice. The resulting mixture is diazotized by the dropwise addition of a solution of 70 g. (1.0 mole) of sodium nitrite in 200 ml. of water, the temperature of the reaction mixture being kept below 5". A mixture of 5 g. of copper sulfate, 50 ml. of water, and 10 ml. of concentrated aqueous ammonia solution is added to a solution of 210 g. of sodium arsenite and 250 g. of sodium carbonate in 2 1. of water, and the mixture is cooled to 15°. The solution of the diazotized amine is added to the arsenite solution with stirring over a period of 1 hour. The reaction mixture is stirred for 2 hours, allowed to stand for 12 hours, and filtered. The filtrate is acidified with concentrated hydrochloric acid to Congo red, and the precipitated p-bromophenylarsonic acid is filtered off. The yield is 193 g. 

Derivation By reacting sodium arsenite with copper sulfate and acetic acid. 

It was already recognised by the turn of the century that high doses of fertilisers, such as Chile salpetre (NaNOj), ammonium sulfate, calciiun cyanamide and kainite (KCl, MgSO SHjO) exhibit herbicidal action. Remy and Vasters (1914) were the first to observe the phenomenon of synergism in combined preparations. They established that 10% of kainite mixed with calcium cyanamide was more active than double doses of the single components used alone. A similar enhancement of action was observed by Bolley (1901) in the case of mixtures of copper sulfate and sodium arsenite. 

Water. For Cu the sulfate is efflorescent in dry air the crystallized chloride and chlorate are deliquescent the acetate is efflorescent. Copper(II) borate, basic carbonate, cyanide, oxalate, phosphate, arsenite, sulfide, and the hexacyanoferrates (II and III) are insoluble. 

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