Copper acetyl acetonate

Copper compounds are used routinely and widely to control freshwater snails that serve as intermediate vectors of schistosomiasis and other diseases that afflict humans (Hasler 1949 NAS 1977 Rowe and Prince 1983 Winger etal. 1984 Al-Sabri etal. 1993). These compounds include copper sulfate, copper pentachlorophenate, copper carbonate, copper-tartaric acid, Paris green (copper arsenite-acetate), copper oxide, copper chloride, copper acetyl acetonate, copper dimethyl dithiocar-bamate, copper ricinoleate, and copper rosinate (Cheng 1979). Also, many species of oyster enemies are controlled by copper sulfate dips. All tested species of marine gastropods, tunicates, echinoderms, and crabs that had been dipped for 5 seconds in a saturated solution of copper sulfate died if held in air for as little as a few seconds to 8 h mussels, however, were resistant (MacKenzie 1961). 

Han et al. reported that the oxidation of alcohols with t-BuOOH in [bmim][BF ] is efficiently catalyzed in the presence of a novel amino acid Schiff base copper ligand (I) (Scheme 14.9) [8], This method is very useful for the selective oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to their corresponding carboxylic acids and ketones, respectively. They also showed that the selective oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones with t-BuOOH is promoted in [bmim][PF ] using copper acetyl acetonate as catalyst (Scheme 14.10) [9], These catalytic systems could be recycled and reused for five runs without any significant loss of catalytic activity, and the obtained products were in excellent yields. 

Although epoxy novolac resins are used in the present work, there is a fundamental difference from conventional encapsulant resins in that onium compounds in combination with copper acetyl(acetonate) are used in our materials as catalyst systems (2). These catalyst systems promote epoxy/epoxy polymerization and eliminate the need for hardeners. 

Cholesterol Nonanoate h 221-2027 Copper Acetyl Acetonate Complex ... 

The acetylacetonates are stable in air and readily soluble in organic solvents. From this standpoint, they have the advantage over the alkyls and other alkoxides, which, with the exception of the iron alkoxides, are not as easily soluble. They can be readily synthesized in the laboratory. Many are used extensively as catalysts and are readily available. They are also used in CVD in the deposition of metals such as iridium, scandium and rhenium and of compounds, such as the yttrium-barium-copper oxide complexes, used as superconductors. 1 1 PI Commercially available acetyl-acetonates are shown in Table 4.2. 

YBa2Cu307 films are also obtained by MOCVD from a mixture of acetyl acetonates (tetramethyl heptadionate) of yttrium, barium, and copper, typically at a pressure of 5 Torr and at a deposition temperature of These precursor materials... 

Apart from these findings, the limited application of ZnCl2 (cyclopropanation of some cyclic 1,3-dienes, isoprene and ethyl vinyl ether 4S-49)) and copper(II) acetyl-acetonate (cyclopropanation of enamines 50)) still stand alone. 

The unusual copper nitrate-acetic anhydride reagent reacted with acetyl-acetone itself to form bis-(3-nitro-2,4-pentanediono) copper(II) (V), the same compound prepared by Nyholm (18). A novel elaboration of this reaction was treatment of hydrated chromium (III) nitrate with acetylacetone in acetic anhydride to yield a mixture of mono- and dinitrochromiumacetylacetonate (XI and XII). 

Compared to salts, acetyl acetonates offer better solubility in organic solvents and better stability to hydrolysis. They are likely to be less reactive than salts, because complexes of either iron or copper in their highest oxidation state with acetyl acetone are more stabile than at the lower oxidation state. 

Table 1 (48a,b) shows the 24 hr results of the test described above on phenylbutazone. Copper degraded phenylbutazone both as a salt and as acetyl acetonate. Iron was less aggressive, and the free salt was stronger than the complex. The degradation products were 4-hydroxy- and 4-hydroperoxy-phenylbutazone, the known oxidation impurities. The susceptibility of phenylbutazone to metal oxidation can be attributed to activation of the hydrogen on C-4 by the adjacent carbonyls. Selegiline hydrochloride, a stable compound, was not oxidized under the same conditions. This confirms the discriminating power of the experimental conditions. 

Decomposition of azo compounds to carbenes see also Diazoacetaldehyde, this volume). Huisgen1 was able to stabilize benzoylcarbene (generated from diazoacetophenone) sufficiently to observe 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions by addition of various copper compounds, of which copper (1) cyanide and copper (11) acetyl acetonate appeared to be the most effective. 

The following chemicals have been used Almninium isopropoxide, 98+ (Aldrich), cerium (III) 2-ethyUiexanoate, 49% in 2-ethyUiexanoic acid (Alfa Aesar), copper (II) 2-ethyUiexanoate, 98% (Alfa Aesar), platinum (II) acetyl-acetonate, 97% (Alfa Aesar), zinc 2-ethyIhexanoate, 99% (Alfa Aesar) and zirconium (IV) n-propoxide, 70% w/w in n-propanol (Alfa Aesar)... 

Aryllithiums, beside copper(II) halides, have been coupled with iron(III)-acetyl acetonate as an efficient one-electron oxidant. In this manner, compound 430 was lithiated in 2-position to form the aryllithium 431, which was subsequently coupled with Fe(acac)3 to afford bithiophenyl 432 in 57% overall yield [10], Scheme 6. 

CH2CI2 and aniline were obtained from Fischer Scientific Co. and distilled from CaH2 (Aldrich Chemical Co.). 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid, sodium borohydride, copper (II) acetyl-acetonate, trifiuoroacetic acid (TFA), tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF6), dimethylacetamide (DMA), and N-phenyl-l,4-phenylenediamine were purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co. and used as received. Quinoline and triethylamine (TEA) (Aldrich Chemical Co.) were distilled in vacuo. IR spectra were obtained on a Bruker Equinox 55 Spectrometer. NMR spectra were obtained on a Bruker 250 multiprobe spectrometer. Elemental andyses were performed by Atlantic Microlabs. Mass spectrometry data were provided by the Auburn Mass Spectrometry Laboratory. 

Saxena et al. studied the adsorption of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) as a stimulant for Sarin, which is a highly toxic warfare gas agent. The adsorption was carried out on an activated carbon, a whetlerite and activated carbon impregnated with copper hexafluorocacetylacetonate (1) copper trifluoro acetyl-acetonate and a copper oxime. The adsorption isotherms are Type 1 of the BET classification and show maximum adsorption in the case of activated carbon (1). The amount adsorbed was 68.5 weight percent on (1). The adsorption involved both physisorption and chemisorption. TGA and IR studies of DMMP loaded activated carbons, and mass spectric analysis of the decomposition products showed that the decomposition products were methyl methyl phosponic acid and methylphosphonic acid. 

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