Contents 2-7 Calibrations

Figure 9.11 Predicted and measured plot for granule moisture contents, calibrated on data from 5 months of production. Sensor B was used in this model (eight PLS components). Cray curve measured, black curve predicted.

Table 6.10. Amino Acids for 116 Soybean Samples (G/ Kg Crude Protein at 13.0% Moisture Content) Calibrations for 26 Ground and Whole Soybean Samples Using a Nirsystems 6500 Spectrophotometer...

The decrease in the copper wave is proportional to the sugar content. Calibration curves can be prepared with standard glucose solutions. 

Since different grades of HIPS may contain elastomers with different rm 5-butadiene contents, calibration curves based on the standard rubber are not always suitable for analysing these products. The results obtained by the two methods for several high-impact grades are compared in Table 3.13. The rubber content of HIPS sample 1 determined by titration is lower than the value obtained by the infrared method. 

Ratio 7.25 pm band (solid diecast film) and product of absorbance by the halfwidth of 6.85 pm band Propylene content Calibrated versus C labelled ethylene or propylene copolymers by plotting ratio 7.25/6.55 pm versus % propylene weight fraction [7]... 

Various methods can be used to analy2e succinic acid and succinic anhydride, depending on the characteristics of the material. Methods generally used to control specifications of pure products include acidimetric titration for total acidity or purity comparison with Pt—Co standard calibrated solutions for color oxidation with potassium permanganate for unsaturated compounds subtracting from the total acidity the anhydride content measured by titration with morpholine for content of free acid in the anhydride atomic absorption or plasma spectroscopy for metals titration with AgNO or BaCl2 for chlorides and sulfates, respectively and comparison of the color of the sulfide solution of the metals with that of a solution with a known Pb content for heavy metals. 

Mancozeb is a dithiocarbamate pesticide with a very low solubility in organic and inorganic solvent. In this work we have developed a solvent free, accurate and fast photoacoustic FTIR-based methodology for Mancozeb determination in commercial fungicides. The proposed procedure was based on the direct measurement of the solid samples in the middle infrared region using a photoacoustic detector. A multivariate calibration approach based on the use of partial least squares (PLS) was employed to determine the pesticide content in commercially available formulations. 

MONITORIZATION OF Ca(OH), CONTENT IN ANHYDRITE, SUBPRODUCT OF HF PRODUCTION PROCESS, BY FT-IR SPECTROSCOPY USING PLS CALIBRATION METHOD... 

The presented results allow an understanding of the effect of inadequacy organic matrix of plant reference standai ds and dried milk on XRF result exactness. In the absence of similar RSMs calibrations, obtained with the help of plant RSMs, may be used for analysis of only non-fat milk powders. Correction on fat content will allow a spreading these calibrations on analysis of milk powders with any fat contents. 

The preliminary precipitation of proteins from milk is realized through the addition of solutions of acetic acid (1,7 mol/1) and sodium acetate (lmol/1) at t = 40-45°C before chromatographic isolation of OxTC. The precipitated proteins are separated by filtration. OxTC is detenuined in filtrate after its isolation on chromatographic column. Contents of OxTC was determined on calibration curve which is linear within concentration range 0,01-1,0 p.g/ml. 

Over the last seventeen year s the Analytical center at our Institute amassed the actual material on the application of XRF method to the quantitative determination of some major (Mg, Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ti, Mn, Fe) and trace (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ba, La, Ce, Pb, Th, U) element contents [1, 2]. This paper presents the specific features of developed techniques for the determination of 25 element contents in different types of rocks using new Biaiker Pioneer automated spectrometer connected to Intel Pentium IV. The special features of X-ray fluorescence analysis application to the determination of analyzed elements in various types of rocks are presented. The softwai e of this new X-ray spectrometer allows to choose optimal calibration equations and the coefficients for accounting for line overlaps by Equant program and to make a mathematic processing of the calibration ai ray of CRMs measured by the Loader program. 

The standard requires the supplier to maintain calibration records for inspection, measuring, and test equipment and the supplementary requirements specify the content of these records. 

IR analysis can also be used quantitatively to determine the EO-PO ratio [12]. Using mixtures of polyethylene glycol and polypropyene glycol as calibration standards, the ratio of two absorbances, one due to the methyl group of the PO unit (e.g., the C-H stretch band at 2975 cm ) and one due to the methylene group (e.g., the C-H stretch band at 2870 cm ), are plotted against percent of PO content. The ratio of the same two absorbances taken from the IR spectrum of a poloxamer may then be used to determine its percent of PO content by interpolation. 

Acetyl chloride 2-Chloro-1 -methylethyl acetate, 2-chloropropyl acetate 2-Chloroethyl acetate For EO content <30%, the ratio of chloroethyl acetate to total chloroethyl and chloropropyl acetates may be used to obtain percent of EO. A calibration is required for values of EO >30% [16]. 

The MWD total gamma ray tools cannot be calibrated in the standard pit, since they are too large. Their calibration in API units is difficult because it varies with the spectral content of the radiation. By spectral matching the MWD logs can be made to closely resemble the wireline logs. The logs which were recorded by the MWD companies in counts per second (cps) are now recorded in API units. 

The intensity of the colour of the extract due to ferroin is observed spectrophotometrically and may be related by calibration to the boron content of the sample. 

To construct the calibration curve, run 5-50 mL of the standard boron solution by means of a burette into 100 mL graduated flasks, add 30 mL of dilute sulphuric acid, and make up to volume. These solutions contain 1 — 10 /ig of B per 3 mL. Use 3 mL of each solution and of a boron-free comparison solution and proceed as above. Plot a calibration curve relating absorbance and boron content. 

The unknown solution (which should contain between 0.5 and 2.0mg phenol L 1) is treated in the manner described above, and by reference to the calibration curve the absorbance reading will determine the phenol content of the unknown sample. 

Determine the sulphate-ion content of an unknown solution, say ca 0.3 mg mL"1, using the calibration curve. 

Determine the phosphate content of an unknown solution, containing say ca 0.005 mg P205 per mL use the calibration graph. 

A double-beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer should be used. Set up a vanadium hollow cathode lamp selecting the resonance line of wavelength 318.5 nm, and adjust the gas controls to give a fuel-rich acetylene-nitrous oxide flame in accordance with the instruction manual. Aspirate successively into the flame the solvent blank, the standard solutions, and finally the test solution, in each case recording the absorbance reading. Plot the calibration curve and ascertain the vanadium content of the oil. 

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