Contagious disease

G. Fracastoro, Contagion, Contagious Diseases and their Treatment, trans. W. C. Wright, The Putnam Publishing Group, Inc., New York, 1930. 

Poliomyelitis is a highly contagious disease that is often asymptomatic however, approximately 1 in every 100 to 1000 cases will develop a rapidly progressive paralytic disease. Polio is caused by poliovirus which has three serotypes type 1 is most frequently associated with paralytic disease. Poliovirus replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal tract and is excreted in oral secretions and feces, which can infect others. As a result, more than 90% of unvaccinated individuals will become infected with poliovirus following household exposure to wild-type poliovirus. Since the introduction of the first poliovirus vaccine, there has been a significant reduction in the number of polio cases. Today, polio caused by wild-type poliovirus has been eradicated from the Western Hemisphere with the goal of eradicating it from the world.11... 

With good reason, Allied military leaders regarded malaria as a dangerous enemy. Quinine was unavailable because the Japanese controlled production areas, and other antimalaria drugs had to be developed. The disease was still endemic to parts of the United States, northern and southern Europe, the Mediterranean, and a broad swath of the Earth from Africa through the Pacific islands. It was—and remains today—the world s most widespread contagious disease. 

It is normally found in parts of Europe, Africa, Asia, and South America. The natural reservoirs are wild and domestic cloven-footed animals. It is one of the most contagious diseases of these animals. Airborne spread is possible up to 40 miles over land and 180 miles over water. It can survive for up to 2 weeks in dry fecal material and for 6 months in slurry, about 1 week in urine, and over 3 months in hay. 

Smallpox Smallpox is a very contagious disease with a mortality rate as high as 30-35%. It is estimated that smallpox was responsible for 300-500 million deaths in the 20th century. Fortunately, it has been eradicated in 1979 through strict regimens of vaccination. 

Foot-and-mouth disease. An acute, extremely contagious disease caused by pi-... 

If a laboratory intends to treat rather than euthanize diseased animals, it is best to have an area separate from other animal housing and holding areas for the isolation of diseased animals (if this is deemed necessary). A second area may be needed to treat animals with contagious diseases separately from those animals being treated for noncontagious diseases. 

Diphtheria is an infection that attacks the throat, mouth and nose. It is a highly contagious disease (easy to get), but has become rare ever since the vaccine was introduced. 

Do not enter the plant if suffering with some contagious disease or a skin lesion. 

The name of Dr Walter Reed is synonymous with self-experimentation. He was at the head of an American military medical team that went to Cuba in 1900 and proved through daring human experiments that mosquitoes were the vectors that transmitted yellow fever (now known to be a virus). However, in reality, the team actually confirmed findings made almost a century earlier by another self-experimenter that yellow fever was not a contagious disease. In 1800, an American, Dr Issac Cathrall, repeatedly placed black vomit from several yellow fever patients to his lips and tasted it. (Black vomit occurs in yellow fever victims by virtue of bleeding in their stomachs, and is subsequently expelled.) He did not become infected. A physician named Ffirth went five steps further in 1802, when he (1) inserted black vomit into his forearm (2) dropped black vomit into his eye (3) boiled black vomit and inhaled the gas and steam (4) swallowed black vomit taken directly from a patient and (5) prepared pills made from black vomit. 

Today, engraved on a broken pyramid of white marble in the cemetery of the Hospital of St. Sebastian in Salzburg, may be read Here is buried Philippus Theophrastus, distinguished Doctor of Medicine, who with wonderful art cured dire wounds, leprosy, gout, dropsy, and other contagious diseases of the body. No mention is made of the elixir of life. 

Collaborate with local public health authorities for care of special medical need clients, environmental concerns, contagious disease, and control/reporting. 

Case Example Because public health officials suspect a stealth bioterror attack, they request that hospitals secretly test all of their new patients for the suspected contagious disease. The patient is to be notified only if he or she tests positively for the disease, and he/she will be offered standard medical treatment. Reports are to go directly to public health officials. Can a nurse legally or ethically participate in such a program ... 

The individual actions of U.S. citizens will be critical to ending the spread of contagious disease leaders must gain the trust and sustained cooperation of the American people. 

During Katrina, we often had no other options for these clients except to stay put and make it as safe as possible. There was not alternate housing for every situation, and hospitalization in a system already overloaded was never an option. We did not experience outbreaks of any highly contagious diseases that nece-sitated isolation or quarantine. This does occasionally happen in Red Cross shelters and is a situation that we had planned for. 

Accommodating Persons With HiV/AiDS or Other Contagious Diseases... 

Rodenticides are used to control rats and mice in fields, in storage areas, and in household environments. Rodents not only destroy harvested products, but are also vectors for contagious diseases. Most rodenticides belong to the coumarin group and act as anticoagulants. Bromadiolone is an example of a relative selective rodenticide that is highly toxic to rodents, but less toxic to domestic animals such as dogs and cats. 

For contagious diseases, expect to receive medical evaluation, surveillance, or quarantine. 

For all others, monitor for symptoms and, for contagious diseases, minimize contact with others. 

Vaccination against infectious illnesses provides unseen protection against contagious diseases—afflictions causing permanent disability or even death. Vaccines have been responsible for dramatic decreases in morbidity and mortality secondary to infectious disease, and in the case of smallpox, has globally eradicated a once life-threatening illness.However, while true adverse consequences of vaccination have never exceeded the level of adverse consequences of infection in the absence of vaccination, the public perception of harm secondary to vaccine administration has threatened to overshadow the victory of disease prevention.With the inception and continued evolution of immunization, the number of individuals protected against diseases has steadily increased. Unfortunately, the number of vaccine-related adverse events has also increased proportionally to vac-... 

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