Construction crew

Quality of installation and the adherence to design specifications of the equipment should be evaluated to ensure that errors during shipping and installation were not made. Often overlooked at this phase are human factors considerations for the construction crew, such as selection of the contractor, training of the crew, lighting, shift work, procedures, and supervision. 

The construction crew built large new buildings all over the... 

The value of up-to-date, practical specifications is well known to technical employees within chemical plants. But at times, specifications are not properly maintained or persistently communicated to other members on the plant team, to equipment suppliers, or to construction crews. Many of the incidents covered in Chapters 2, 4, and 6 could also be repeated in this chapter. The incidents that follow occurred primarily because clear, concise specifications were either not readily available or because no one took the time to consult these vital design or operating criteria. 

Some mortars are heat sensitive. The speed of set of furan mortars in particular, is much accelerated by heat, so that "open time" can be reduced to 10 minutes at 85° to 90°F. The effects of temperature on setting speeds of other resins are less extreme, but the contractor will have more time to use up his mix at a 60° to 70°F material temperature. Phenolic mortars must be stored prior to use at temperatures of 60°F or lower. If they are left in areas where they may be overheated, they can be ruined in a short time or so badly affected as to be unusable. There is a case on record of phenolic mortars being delivered to a site in Texas late on Friday, and left on the loading dock, resulting in materials which were totally unusable by 7 A.M. on Monday morning when the construction crew arrived. On the other hand, no serious damage will result if the components of resin mortars are subjected to temperatures below freezing. 

For over 70 years the U.S. has produced and stored chemical weapons. In addition to the military arsenal, there are also "non-stockpile" materials. Non-stockpile material includes buried chemical warfare material, binary chemical weapons, recovered chemical weapons, and former production facilities. Some of these materials date back to World War I development and production efforts. Not all of these sites are still under military control. For example, in 1993, a large number of World War I chemical shells were removed from a residential neighborhood in Washington, D.C. The burial site was discovered by construction crews while excavating the basement of a new home. In addition to non-stockpile materials, there have also been several situations where individuals have claimed to possess chemical munitions and threatened to release their contents. For these reasons, it would be beneficial to be able to rapidly identify suspect munitions. 

No. But 1 was told a construction crew was working overnight in the area, your friend says. 

Construction and Installation Drawings. All parts of the plant are drawn in considerable detail to scale to show position of equipment and connections, foundations, supports, overhead structures, etc., so that every required item of plant equipment can be fitted into the desired arrangement by a construction crew. Drawings classified under this category are ... 

Construction supervisors should be made aware of the functions of column internals and of any unique requirements of the service. For instance, if leakage is to be minimized, the construction crew should be made well aware of this need. They should also be alerted to the common installation traps that deserve specific attention (Sec. 10.9). 

For example, a construction crew may be erecting a new administration building at a process plant site. The contract workers who pour the concrete and erect the steel work will not have any contact with the people who work on the processes, nor will they be directed by the site supervisors. Therefore, they are true contract workers. At the other extreme is a maintenance worker who has worked on the facility for many years and who reports directly to the facility s supervision. Even though this worker may be on contract in an administrative sense, regulatory agencies such as Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) would regard him or her as being equivalent to a full-time employee. 

The hardships only mattered because they slowed the work. Oppenheimer had sold it as work that would end the war to end all wars and his people believed him. The unit of measurement for wasted hours was therefore human lives. Construction crews unwilling to vary the specifications of a laboratory door or hang an unauthorized shelf initially bore the brunt of the scientists impatience. John Manley remembers inspecting the chemistry and physics building. It needed a basement at one end for an accelerator and a solid foundation at the other end for the two Van de Graaffs— which end for which was unimportant. Rather than adjust the construction plans for terrain the contractor had drilled the basement from solid rock and used the rock debris as fill for the foundation. This was my introduction to the Army Engineers. ... 

Later that night, after all the construction crews were gone, a tresspassing teenager was injured when he tripped and fell on one the rebar. 

Ladders are an indispensable help for construction crews. While they are uncomplicated and simple to use, you can t take ladder safety for granted. They are a major source of accidents at construction sites. They are also a source for numerous OSHA citations. In December 2010, the following ladder violations were in the top 25 OSHA construction citations ... 

CW munitions continue to be recovered from former battlefields in Western Europe, usually after having been discovered by farmers or construction crews. Evidence for the presence of approximately 700,(X)0 CW munitions - 90 % of which are located in Harbaling province - has been confirmed (during World War II Japan used chemical weapons in China) [16]. In 2007 China and Japan were continuing work on a programme to construct a chemical weapon destruction facility... 

A construction crew ruptured a 2-inch gas line, forcing. .. 

The October 1984 plenary meeting of the Soviet Communist Party confirmed the start of construction on the initial phase of European diversions by 1990 and indicated design work would continue on Siberian diversions (Pravda, 1984). From January to August 1985 a series of articles appeared in the Uzbek government paper Pravda Vostoka (1985a, 1985b) that pushed hard for near term construction of the Siberian project and stated that construction crews had already arrived in Western Siberia from that republic to start work on infrastructure facilities for the main diversion canal to Central Asia. On 5 June 1985, the Minister of Land Reclamation and Water Management (Minvodkhoz) for the USSR, announced that both the European and Siberian water diversion projects would proceed as planned Pravda, 1985). 

Fig. 104.4 Construction crew. (Printed with permission from the ESB Archives, Htirold s Cross, Dublin)...

In complex situations the influences between PSFs may or may not be reciprocal. For example, while an organization factor affects the performance of a construction crew, the opposite does not happen. This means that, while the significance of the construction crew PSFs could be moderated by appropriate treatment of the organizational PSFs, the opposite is not feasible (Hallbert et al. 2004). Therefore, in the context of this research two types of influences are considered a) those between PSFs in the same category, and b) those between PSFs from different categories according to the hierarchy shown in Figure 1. 

Construction crews engage in excavation activities for a variety of reasons, and they use an assortment of government permits. Excavation activities are carried out by building trades, farmers, homeowners. State and local transportation departments, and others. 

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