Ancillary Equipment Connections

The units and ancillary equipment must be protected from mechanical damage and the effects of weather to ensure the reliable operation of an impressed current station. This is achieved by installing it in a weatherproof plastic housing (see Fig. 8-2). Sufficient ventilation must be provided to disperse heat. The ventilation holes should be protected with brass gauze to keep out animals. Transformer-rectifier units must be connected to a circuit that is continuously energized, especially if they are in a building where the current is turned off at night, e.g., gas stations that are not open for 24 h. 

Pipe runs are normally made up from lengths of pipe, incorporating standard fittings for joints, bends and tees. Joints are usually welded but small sizes may be screwed. Flanged joints are used where this is a more convenient method of assembly, or if the joint will have to be frequently broken for maintenance. Flanged joints are normally used for the final connection to the process equipment, valves and ancillary equipment. 

Any horizontal force imposed on the vessel by ancillary equipment, the line of thrust of which does not pass through the centre line of the vessel, will produce a torque on the vessel. Such loads can arise through wind pressure on piping and other attachments. However, the torque will normally be small and usually can be disregarded. The pipe work and the connections for any ancillary equipment will be designed so as not to impose a significant load on the vessel. 

PEFC) stacks, components and entire systems, in off-grid, and grid-connected configurations, with a capacity of up to 100 kW electrical power output. The facility consists of an automated and computerised fuel cell test station, gas analysers, a multi-axial vibration system which is housed in a walk-in environmental chamber (for controlling temperatures, humidity, shocks and vibrations) and ancillary equipment. The data obtained are complementary to and validate fuel cell simulations and models with reference to operation modes, components and system characteristics 1 ... 

Earthing - in many laboratory applications the working electrode is earthed or kept at virtual earth in a number of commercial potentiostat designs it is possible to disconnect the working electrode from the instrument zero. All measuring instruments and ancillary equipment should be fed from the same line connection. In addition all instrument houses and bodies of ancillary equipment should be interconnected and earthed at one point for safety reasons [9,10]. 

Container valve connections that do not fit must not be forced. Threads on regulator connections or other auxiliary requirements must match those on the container valve outlet. The valve outlet connection should conform to recognized standards such as ANSI/CGA V-1, American National, Compressed Gas Association Standard for Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Outlet and Inlet Connections [14]. However, it must be acknowledged that connections other than those found in ANSI/CGA V-1 may exist. If a user chooses such a connection, extreme care must be taken to ensure that such connections do not cross-connect with existing connections in ANSI/CGA V-1, and that they have been properly engineered for the intended gas service and pressure. The threads on a cylinder valve outlet, as well as on regulators and other ancillary equipment, should be examined at frequent intervals to ensure they are clean and undamaged. 

Cylinder Valve, Cylinder Ancillary Equipment, and Bulk Transfer Connections... 

Cylinder Valve, Cylinder Ancillary Equipment, and Bulk Transfer Connections 149 Table 9-2. National Gas Taper (NGT) Threads (continued)... 

Pressurized gas ancillary equipment downstream from the cylinder valve outlet is joined to the system piping by various types of threaded connections. Such equipment includes pressure reducing regulators, gauges, flowmeters, and station valves (for example, manifold isolation valves, etc.). 

Cylinder valve outlet and inlet connections, cylinder ancillary equipment connections, transfer connections, and regulator connections have been standardized by the industry for the handling of specific types of compressed and liquefied gases and to prevent the misapplication of these potentially hazardous materials. Users of compressed gases are cautioned not to tamper with or replace connections supplied by an authorized gas supplier. 

For more detailed information about cylinder valve outlet and inlet connections, cylinder ancillary equipment connections, bulk transfer connections, and regulators, refer to Chapter 8. 

Pressure relief and safety devices have uniquely contributed to the safe utilization of compressed gases. Chapter 7 will provide insights into the evolution and systematic application of the various types of pressure relief devices now in use. Likewise, the systematic use of cylinder valve connections, connections to ancillary equipment, and bulk transfer connections has evolved into a methodology that is intended to help ensure that the proper gas is actually connected for the intended application. This methodology,... 

This section summarizes the requirements for gas cylinder ancillary equipment connections. 

Installation qualification involves performing checks to ensure that the correct equipment or system has been installed and/or connected, including all necessary controls, monitors, instrumentation, or ancillary services. These checks should include verification that relevant operator manuals or instructions have been received from the supplier and that any applicable calibration steps have been identified. 

Performance Qualification (PQ) This provides documented verification that the equipment and ancillary systems, when connected together, can perform effectively and reproducibly based on the approved process method and specifications. 

ANCILLARIES. The equipment and components mentioned thus far are directly connected with the supercritical fluid food processing plant, but other ancillary and auxiliary equipment must also be specified, procured and installed. Heating, cooling, and other utilities must be integrated with the SCF process components and operate efficiently and reliably. 

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