Conjunctivitis seasonal

Therapeutic profile The drug is a second-generation antihistamine, lacking sedative activity, for the treatment of allergic diseases, including allergic rhino-conjunctivitis, seasonal allergic rhinitis, urticaria and atopic dermatitis. 

Loteprednol Corticosteroid Only 0.2% approved for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis... 

For an aquatic model of chemical fate and transport, the input loadings associated with both point and nonpoint sources must be considered. Point loads from industrial or municipal discharges can show significant daily, weekly, or seasonal fluctuations. Nonpoint loads determined either from data or nonpoint loading models are so highly variable that significant errors are likely. In all these cases, errors in input to a model (in conjunction with output errors, discussed below) must be considered in order to provide a valid assessment of model capabilities through the validation process. 

Astemizole is used for preventing and treating severe seasonal and chronic allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, hives, Quinke s edema, other allergic conditions and dermatitis. Synonyms of this drug are hismanal, histazol, and others. 

Levocabastine (Livostin) [Antihistamine] Uses Allergic seasonal conjunctivitis Action Antihistamine Dose 1 gtt in eye(s) qid = 2 wk Caution [C,-i-/-] Disp Opthal soln SE Ocular discomfort EMS None OD Unlikely... 

Mechanism of Action An antihistamine that competes with histamine for histamine receptor sites on cells in the blood vessels, G1 tract, and respiratory tract. Therapeutic Effect Relieves symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis, such as increased mucus production and sneezing and symptoms associated with allergic conjunctivitis, such as redness, itching, and excessive tearing. 

Mechanism of Action An antiallergic agent that selectively antagonizes H, receptor Therapeutic Effect Blocks histamine-associated symptoms of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. 

Cetirizine is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis, seasonal allergic rhinitis, chronic idiopathic urticaria, conjunctivitis and pruritus in adults and children above two years of age. 

Carefully selected patients with rhinitis, conjunctivitis and/or asthma caused by pollen, house dust mite or cat allergy. Immunotherapy is also indicated when asthma during the pollen season complicates rhinoconjunctivitis. 

S. J. Dell, D. G. Shulman, G. M. Lowry, and J. Howes, A controlled evaluation of the efficacy and safety of loteprednol etabonate in the prophylactic treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, Am. J. Ophthalmol. 123 191 (1997). 

S. J. Dell, G. M. Lowry, J. A. Northcutt, J. Howes, G. D. Novack, and K. Hart, A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled parallel study of 0.2% loteprednol etabonate in patients with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 102 251 (1998). 

Seasonal variations in phase I and II enzymes are often seen in conjunction with breeding cycles. This is particularly true in amphibians, fish, and birds and probably reflect underlying endocrine changes associated with the establishment of reproductive competence. For example, in the razorbill, elevated metabolism of organochlo-rine insecticides such as aldrin has been reported in females collected in April-May. This correlated with increased ovarian size and may be related to increases in cir-... 

LE is commercially available as a 0.5% suspension OTttemax) and a 0.2% suspension (Alrex) (seeTable 12-4). Class labeling for Lotemax includes any eye inflammation responsive to steroids, whereas Alrex is indicated for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis and other mild non-vision-threatening conditions. 

Although there are five types of hypersensitivity responses, two of these, types 1 and 1 play a significant role in the pathophysiology of allergic eye disease. The ocular manifestations include seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC), vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), atopic keratoconjunctivitis, contact dermatitis, and urticaria. These are discussed in Chapter 27. 

Ilyas H, Slonim CB, Braswell GR, et al. Long-term safety of loteprednol etabonate 0.2% in the treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis. Eye Contact Lens 2004 30 ... 

Kidd M, McKenzie SH, Steven I, et al. Efficacy and safety of keto-tifen eye drops in the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Br J Ophthalmol 2003 87 1206-1211. 

Leino M, Jaanio E, KoivunenT, et al.A multicenter double-blind group comparative smdy of 2% nedocronfil sodium eye drops (Tilavist) with placebo eye drops in the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.AnnAUergy 1990 64 398-402. 

Leino M, Montan P, Nja F. A double-blind group comparative smdy of ophthalmic sodium cromoglycate, 2% four times daily and 4% twice daily in the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Allergy 1994 49 147-151. 

Melamed J, Schwartz RH, Hirsh SR, et al. Evaluation of nedocronul sodium 2% ophthalmic solution for treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Ann Allergy 1994 73 57-64. 

Tinkehnan DG, Rupp G, Kaufman H, et al. Double-masked, paired-comparison clinical study of ketorolac tromethamine 0.5% ophthalmic solution compared with placebo eyedrops in the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Surv Ophthalmol 1993 38 133-140. 

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