Vernal keratoconjunctivitis

Khellin (32) Cromolyn sodium (33) Chromone derivative Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and vernal keratitis... 

Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis Vernal keratoconjunctivitis Inclusion keratoconjunctivitis Trachoma... 

A hquid form is also available for use in rhinitis and ocular conditions. When applied topically to the eye cromoghcate is effective in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (vernal catarrh, spring catarrh), allergic conjunctivitis, and hay fever. 

Patients with AD can also present with eyelid dermatitis, nipple dermatitis, and cheilitis of the lips. Eyelid dermatitis and chronic blepharitis are commonly associated with AD, and can result in visual impairment from corneal scarring. Other ocular complications include atopic keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and keratoconus. ... 

Lodoxamide, a substance that stabilizes mast cells and has antiallergic properties (1 to 2 drops of 0.1% solution into each affected eye), is used in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and vernal keratitis. 

Treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis, conjunctivitis, and keratitis Ophthalmic 1-2... 

Although there are five types of hypersensitivity responses, two of these, types 1 and 1 play a significant role in the pathophysiology of allergic eye disease. The ocular manifestations include seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC), vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC), atopic keratoconjunctivitis, contact dermatitis, and urticaria. These are discussed in Chapter 27. 

Avunduk AM, Avunduk MC, Kapioglu Z, et al. Mechanisms and comparison of anti-aUergic efficacy of topical lodoxamide and cromolyn sodium treatment in vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology 2000 107 1333-1337. 

CaldweU DR,Venn P, Hartwich-Young R, et al. Efficacy and safety of lodoxamide 0.1 % vs. cromolyn sodium 4% in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol 1992 113 632-637. 

Foster CS. Evaluation of topical cromolyn sodium in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology 1988 95 194-201. 

Santos Cl, Huang AJ, Abelson MB, et al. Efficacy of lodoxamide 0.1% ophthalmic solution in resolving corneal epitheUopathy associated with vernal keratoconjunctivitis.AmJ Ophthalmol 1994 117 488-497. 

AKC = atopic keratoconjunctivitis FDA = U.S. Food and Drug Administration GI = gastrointestinal GPC = giant papillary conjrmctivitis OTC = over the cormter VKC = vernal keratoconjunctivitis URI = upper respiratory infection MAOI = monoamine oxidase inhibitor... 

AKC = atopic keratoconjunctivitis F = female GPC = giant papillary conjrmctivitis Ig = Itnmrmoglobulin M = Male n/a = not applicable OU prmctate keratopathy VKC = vernal keratoconjrmctivitis. 

AKC = atopic keratoconjunctivitis GPC = giant papUlary conjunctivitis NSAIDs = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs OTC = over the counter VKC = vernal keratoconjunctivitis. 

Figure 27-7 Patient with Trantas dots in vernal keratoconjunctivitis.

Akpek EK, Hasiripi H, Christen WG, Kalayci D. A randomized trial of low-dose, topical mitomycin-C in the treatment of severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmol 2000 107 263-269. 

Avunduk AM, Avunduk MC, Dayanir y et al. Pharmacological mechanism of topical lodoxamide treatment in vernal keratoconjunctivitis a flow-cytometric smdy Ophthalmic Res 1998 30 37-43. 

Bonini Stefano, Bonini S, Lambiase A, et al.Vernal keratoconjunctivitis revisited. Ophthalmol 2000 107 1157-1163. 

Corum I,Yeniad B, BUgin LK, Ilhan R. Efficiency of olopatadine hydrochloride 0.1% in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis and goblet ceU density. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2005 21 400-405. 

D Angelo G, Lambiase A, Cortes M, et al. Preservative-free diclofenac sodium 0.1% for vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Graefe sArch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2003 241 192-195. 

Holsclaw DS,Whitcher JP,Wong lG,MargoUsTP Supratarsal injection of corticosteroid in the treatment of refractory vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol 1996 121 243-249. 

Motterle L, Diebold Y Emiques deSalamanca A, et al. Altered expression of neurotransmitter receptors and neuromediators in vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Arch Ophthalmol 2006 124 462-468. 

Ciclosporin eye-drops have been used after keratoplasty, in high-risk cases, to prevent graft rejection and to treat severe vernal conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and various immune-related comeal disorders. Despite its severe adverse effects after systemic use, topical ciclosporin can generally be used without serious adverse reactions (44,45). 

BenEzra D, Pe er J, Brodsky M, Cohen E. Cyclosporine eyedrops for the treatment of severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol 1986 101(3) 278-82. 

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