Comparative product attributes

Attribute control charts are less used compared to variable control charts. When it is not possible or practical to measure the quality characteristic of a product, attribute control charts are often applied. Examples of their application include monitoring the fraction of nonconforming of a certain sensor production, the number of defective diodes in an electronic assembly, the number of imperfections in textile... 

The wide array of plant protein products, methods, and terms used to evaluate and describe functional properties makes it difficult to compare products and results of separate studies. In high protein products, water and fat absorption is attributable primarily to the protein. In other products, additional ingredient components have an effect. Hydrophilic polysaccharides greatly affect water absorption. Water absorption also is affected by product concentration, pH, temperature, and ionic strength. Fat absorption has been studied... 

Fluorocarbons and fluoropolymers have been in commercial use for over half a century and have found their way into a diverse array of products. The members of this array are too numerous to hst but they include nonstick coatings for cookware, construction materials, carpets, textiles, paints, electronic materials, household cleaners and personal hygiene products. As fluorocarbons are expensive compared to their hydrocarbon analogues, they are chosen carefully and usually to fill a void in a product attribute that simply cannot be accommodated by another material. The attributes typically afforded by the use of fluorocarbons are repellency, lubricity, chemical and thermal inertness, and low dielectric constant, in regards to which fluorocarbons are unique among their hydrocarbon counterparts. 

Commercially, the production and use of surfactants is dominated by modified hydrocarbon-based chemicals. In a number of instances, however, a hydrocarbon-type surfactant will not provide the desired product attributes or performance and, in such cases, two options are presented. One involves reformulation of the product to accommodate a hydrocarbon-type surfactant and the other is the use of a fluorosurfactant. Fluorosurfactants behave typically as would a hydrocarbon type except that properties such as surface tension reduction are larger in magnitude. Furthermore, the presence of fluorine in the hydrophobic portion of the molecule causes them to differ from their hydrocarbon counterparts in more subtle ways that have commercial importance. An example of a difference would be the reduced dielectric constant or index of refraction of a fluorosurfactant compared to its hydrocarbon analog. While this maybe of no consequence when formulating cleaners, it most certainly exists in a number of electronics applications. 

While one may insert such terms in a study report, and CROs may accept such descriptions, it should be noted that the FDA and other regulatory agencies expect that the definitive safety studies be conducted with test article that is comparable to the product proposed for the initial clinical studies. Any differences, compliance (GMP/nonGMP) or other (manufacturing methods, product attributes), must be justified within the relevant regulatory submissions (e.g., IND or BLA/CTD). 

Positioning is the process of establishing a brand in the mind of the target consumer so that the brand is seen to meet their needs. The attributes of the product are compared to the requirements of the consumer. Market leaders often show ideal positioning, when the product attributes are unique and highly relevant to customers (James, 2004). 

In economic theory, price influences buyer choice because price serves as an indicator of product or service cost. Assuming the buyer has perfect information concerning prices and wants satisfaction of comparable product alternatives, he or she can determine a product/service mix that maximizes satisfaction within a given budget constraint. However, lacking complete tmd accurate infoimation about the satisfaction associated with the alternative choices, the buyer assesses them on the basis of known information. Generally, one piece of information aveiilable to the buyer is a product s price. Other pieces of information about anticipated purchases are not always known, and buyers cannot be sure how reliable and complete this other information is. And because this other infoimation is not always available, buyers may be uncertain about their ability to predict how much they will be satisfied if they purchase the product. For example, if you buy a new car, you do not know what the relative incidence of car repairs will be for the new car until after some months or years of use. Ai a result of this imperfect information, buyers may use price both as an indicator of product cost as well as an indicator of quality (want satisfaction attributes). 

The goal of this question is to compare customer perceptions of service offered by our competitors to the service we offer. Can differences in perceived service be traced to strategic choices in product attributes we make vs. those made by our competitors As an example, if we offer customized products while our competitors offer off-the-shelf solutions, then we should expect customers to face higher lead times for our products vs. our competitors products. After analyzing the response to this question, one should decide whether to maintain or adjust product characteristics to match the competition. 

Feed and product compositions. These are also numeric attributes that are vectors. Comparing vector attributes the distance vector is determined. 

The luminometer index (ASTM D 1740) is a characteristic that is becoming less frequently used. It is determined using the standard lamp mentioned above, except that the lamp is equipped with thermocouples allowing measurement of temperatures corresponding to different flame heights, and a photo-electric cell to evaluate the luminosity. The jet fuel under test is compared to two pure hydrocarbons tetraline and iso-octane to which are attributed the indices 0 and 100, respectively. The values often observed in commercial products usually vary between 40 and 70 the official specification is around 45 for TRO. 

A capability study is a statistical tool which measures the variations within a manufacturing process. Samples of the product are taken, measured and the variation is compared with a tolerance. This comparison is used to establish how capable the process is in producing the product. Process capability is attributable to a combination of the variability in all of the inputs. Machine capability is calculated when the rest of the inputs are fixed. This means that the process capability is not the same as machine capability. A capability study can be carried out on any of the inputs by fixing all the others. All processes can be described by Figure 1, where the distribution curve for a process shows the variability due to its particular elements. 

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