Community Health and Environmental

Nearly simultaneously with the U. S. success in reducing urban S02 levels, the Community Health and Environmental Surveillance System (CHESS) reported that adverse health effects result not from S02 itself, but from the secondaiy sulfates and... 

Report prepared for the Committee on Science and Technology, U. S. House of Representatives, "The Environmental Protection Agency s Research Program with Primaiy Emphasis on the Community Health and Environmental Surveillance System." U. S. Govt. Printing Office, Washington, D. C., 1976. 

Pharmacology is a highly integrated and interdisciplinary field that is divided into specialized applications. However, many of these divisions overlap, and pharmacologists collaborate with scientists in other fields to perfect the safe and effective use of drugs and other chemicals. Pharmacology principles may be applied to a variety of disease states, as well as individual and community health and environmental applications. 

In the early 1970s, EPA began the Community Health and Environmental Surveillance System (CHESS) program, which included a variety of epidemiological studies and the associated ambient air quality monitoring with a focus on sulfur oxides (U.S. EPA, 1974). Particulate sulfate was... 

This guideline describes methods to help the chemical processing industry apply the CCPS chemical process safety concepts to outsourced manufacturing operations, specifically the tolling vendor-client relationship. In addition to the focus on process safety, information and examples provided in this text foster good practices relative to community and worker health, and environmental responsibility. 

The scientific community is indebted to Alexey Yablokov and Lev Fedorov for carefully examining the pesticide impact on public health and the environment. Their studies add to our knowledge and their results suggest ways that public health and environmental pesticide related problems could be avoided. Given the food security needs of the rapidly expanding world human population, a safe and a productive agriculture are vital for the future. 

A scheme that was initiated by a Dutch organic importer, Eosta B V, deserves special mention. In its Nature More scheme, products are scored in terms of compliance with organic, health and environmental standards. This is done as an add-on to the organic certification process. By entering a code that is on the product label, the consumer can see how the product he or she purchased scores. It is a communication tool that links the farmers to the consumers. 

Sabbioni E, Goetz L, Bignoli G. 1984. Health and environmental implications of trace metals released from coal-fired power plants An assessment study of the situation in the European community. Sci Total Environ 40 141-154. 

A nonprofit trade organization that acts as a clearinghouse for medical and technical information about asbestos and asbestos-related products, with emphasis on safety, health, and environmental issues. Works with government agencies to develop and implement industry-wide standards for exposure to asbestos dust emissions into community air and water and exchanges information on methods and techniques of asbestos dust control. Maintains a reference library on asbestos-related subjects. 

Vrijhof, H. Priority Black List Substances for the Rhine and Other Surface Waters of the European Community Report No. 840038002 National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Hygiene Bilthoven, The Netherlands, 1984. 

Extraction of metals for 125 years generated extensive hazardous waste in the area around the Montana Rocky Mountains. About 5-7% of all rivers in Montana—more than 2000 km of streams—are contaminated by mining wastes at a level that impairs beneficial use of water (Montana Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, personal communication). Central to this contaminant burden is the wastes generated by mining and... 

Safety/Health and Environmental Affairs are often interwoven in practice, especially where process emissions, chemical exposure, and waste disposal can impact on public health. Many, if not most, companies with chemical synthesis plants in populated areas work with local communities to foster good relations sometimes via open house days or in the creation of action plans to deal with adverse events which may occur in plant operation. The presentation on Environment (Chapter 5) addresses the canon that has developed to deal with exposure to chemicals, with the impact of spills and emissions on all life forms and with waste recycle, treatment, and disposal. 

A second initiative is being developed by Dr. Ann Richard and coworkers at the EPA. The Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity (DSSTox) public database network is a flexible community-supported, web-based approach for the collation of data. It is based on the SDF format for the representation of chemical structure. It is intended to enable decentralized, free public access to toxicity data files. This should allow users from different disciplines to be linked. Public, commercial, industry, and academic groups have also been asked to contribute to, and expand, the DSSTox public database network. Data from potentially any toxicological endpoint can be collated in the DSSTox public database network, including both human health, and environmental endpoints (Richard et al 2002 Richard and Williams, 2002). 

This study has been conducted under the direction of the Monroe County Landfill Review Committee, comprised of representatives of the Monroe County Environmental Management Council, the Monroe County Departments of Health and Planning, the New York State Departments of Health and Environmental Conservation, the City of Rochester Department of Community Development and the Industrial Management Council. 

The text is about 560 pages long with much technical detail. It describes physical, health and environmental hazards. For each type of hazard (for instance explo-sivity, carcinogenicity and hazards to the aquatic environment) there is a definition, criteria for classification (for instance as suspected human carcinogen) (Fig. 12.3) and hazard communication instructions with a designated ... 

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