Comfort characteristics

Gottschlich 1997). SPMs are currently generating more interest in the military due to improved barrier and comfort characteristics. 

In active and endurance sports, the performance of a sportswear is synonymous with its comfort characteristics. In active wear for outdoor use, the clothing should be capable of protecting the wearer from external elements such as wind, sun, rain and snow. At the same time, it should be capable of maintaining the heat balance between the excess heat produced by the wearer due to increased metabolic rate on the one hand, and the capacity of the clothing to dissipate body heat and perspiration on the other. Moisture management is the process of transporting moisture in the form of perspiration away from the skin to the outer surface of a fabric or garment where it can evaporate. 

Prepared filaments and fibres are applied not only in the floor coverings as the most important utilization for PP, but also medical, hygienic, apparel, automotive and/or agricultural sectors became crucial, for applications such as disposable diapers, sports underwear and equipment, artificial grass, geo textiles, ropes, car seats, oil wipes, wet and dry filters or membranes. Physical and chemical properties of polyolefins fibres are developed for many applications, in order to increase comfort characteristics, tensile strength, and/or other utility properties they are often blended, co-processed or combined with other materials such as polar acrylics, wool, bonding agents, hydrophilic fillers, or stabilizers. 

Thermo-physiological and climate-controlling properties of the spacer-fabrics will also be discussed in this paper. These tests directly relate to the functional comfort characteristics of the spacer-fabric structures which include thermal resistance, thermal absorpitivity, water vapour permeability, and evaporative heat loss. In all of the tests undertaken, comparisons are made to results obtained for traditional compression bandages and padding bandage materials. 

According to Shishoo (2002), the development of protective clothing always involves a trade-off between protection (from heat, cold, chemicals, and microbes) and comfort characteristics such as thermal resistance, liquid barrier, and water vapor permeability. The comfort and barrier characteristics often conflict with each other. Shishoo emphasizes the need to have a better balance of different properties such as drape, heat resistance, water vapor permeability, elasticity, and barrier properties. "... 

Fiber crimp (waviness) affects the ease with which fibers may be spun into yarn, as well as many of the comfort characteristics of cloth made from those yarns. Computerized image analysis techniques can be used to measure the degree of crimp of a fiber. 

Sampath, M., Aruputharaj, A., SenthiUcumar, M., Nalankilli, G., 2012. Analysis of thermal comfort characteristics of moisture management finished knitted fabrics made from different yams. J. Ind. Text. 42, 19-33. 

Clothing is the first line of defense for the wearer, not only in an emergency situation, bnt also in their daily routine. Occupational hazards determine the extent of protection that clothing has to offer. Protective textile materials can be broadly classified as impermeable, semipermeable, air permeable, and selectively permeable materials. Although the majority of commercially available protective textiles available for end users consist of impermeable clothing, protection offered by impermeable clothing often comes at the expense of breathability and other comfort characteristics of textiles. This eventually results in high levels of discomfort and extreme physical stress for the wearer. 

To enhance the comfort characteristics, a cover-stock utilizing essentially hydrophobic PO fibers is made temporarily hydrophilic, and thereby it maintains the ability to allow aqueous fluids to pass through. The composition containing polar materials and hydrophilic modifiers as additives imparts semipermanent wetting characteristics (e.g., the contact... 

A number of fiber end-use properties in textile constructions relate to the aesthetic, tactile, and comfort characteristics of the fiber. Such properties include appearance, luster, hand (feel or touch), drapability, absorbency, overall comfort, crease retention, pilling, and wrinkle resistance. All of these factors are affected to varying extents ly the particular properties desired from the textile structure and its intended use. Many of these properties are related to inherent properties of the fibers, which are translated into textile structures prepared for end-use. 

Comparing two or more complex alternatives is more difficult than examining equipment capacity or first cost. Characteristics of alternatives should be weighted for relative importance and measured on a common scale to aEow proper evaluation. Many characteristics such as first cost, capacity, space requirement, and annual energy use can be measured objectively and used for system comparisons. Experience has shown that items such as maintenance expense, component life, and downtime can also be rehably estimated. Other factors, eg, system maintainabEity, flexibEity, and comfort, are more arbitrary. 

Few, if any, failure mechanisms have received as much attention as stress-corrosion cracking (SCC). Yet despite an enormous research effort over many years, an acceptable, generalized theory that satisfactorily explains all elements of the phenomenon has not been produced. SCC is a complex failure mechanism. Nevertheless, its basic characteristics are well known, and a wealth of practical experience permits at least a moderately comfortable working knowledge of the phenomenon. 

As the science of indoor air quality has matured, indoor air professionals have realized that many indoor air contaminants and the associated health effects are linked to specific types of buildings and their characteristics. For example, radon is primarily an indoor air concern in homes because of the ease with which it can be transported inside residential construction from the soil beneath. On the other hand. Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) primarily afflicts office building occupants who experience acute health and comfort effects that appear to be linked to time spent in a specific building. 

For low-temperature heating systems using natural convective or radiant appliances the normal design water flow temperature to the system is 83°C (see also Table 27.8). Boost temperatures may be used on modulated-temperature systems because of the changes in heat output characteristics with varying temperatures. Additionally, comfort aspects must be borne in mind, as forced convective emitters operating on modulated temperature systems can deliver air streams at unacceptably low temperatures. 

This necessitates plant capable of control of temperature by being able to add or subtract heat from the air and control of humidity by being able to add or subtract moisture. The system also comprises fan(s), filtration, and a distribution system and may include noise control. Other terms such as cooling or comfort cooling may be met and these can be taken to mean an ability to lower the temperature of the air by refrigeration but without full control of humidity. Moisture may be removed as an incidental characteristic of the cooling coil. The term air conditioning is sometimes used where control of humidity is not included. It is essential to employ clear specifications of performance. 

The main current products in the field of biopolymers are (a) composite materials for special and high quality performance applications, (b) fashion and comfort/hygiene where their silky feel, breath ability and anti-static characteristics create a value over and above the environmental aspects (e.g., sports wear... 

Dyeable (free hydroxy groups), hydrophilic (comfortable), stable, low price, poor wash and wear characteristics... 

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