Combustion research

S. S. Peimer, Chemical Rocket Propulsion and Combustion Research, Gordon and Breach Science PubHshers, New York, 1962. 

Advanced lasers and computers at the Combustion Research Facility in Livermore, California, are used to study exactly how and why fuels burn. (U.S. Department of Energy)... 

These two research areas share the common characteristic of involving inorganic solids in the combustion process. Catalytic combustion research focuses on using the solid to facilitate the oxidation of well-known fuels such as hydrogen and methane. Materials synthesis research focuses on using combustion as a means to react the solids either with each other or a gas, such as nitrogen (which in this case acts as an oxidizer), to make new solid materials. 

S.S. Penner, Chemical Rocket Propulsion Combustion Research , Gordon Breach,... 

The propagation of premixed flames in closed vessels has been a subject of combustion research since its inception as a defined field of study in the late 1800s, when Mallard and LeChatelier [1] explored the behavior of explosions in the tunnels of coal mines. In the early decades of the twentieth century, experimenters used streak cameras to monitor the progress of premixed flame fronts propagating in tubes and channels without... 

Weinberg, F.J., The first half-million years of combustion research and today s burning problems, Proc. Combust. Inst., 15,1 1975. 

Combustion Research Facility Sandia National Laboratories Livermore, California... 

Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA... 

Penner, S. S. Chemical Rocket Propulsion and Combustion Research, Gordon Breach, New York, London 1962 Hagenmuller, P Les Propergols, Gauthiers-Villars, Paris 1966 Pollard, F.B. und Arnold, J.H. Aerospace Ordnance Handbook, Prentice Hall, Englewood, New Jersey 1966 Samer, S.F. Propellant Chemistry, Reinhold, New York 1966 Dadieu, A., Damm, R. und Schmidt, E. W. Raketentreibstoffe, Springer, Wien 1968... 

This Fourth Edition is dedicated to the graduate students, post docs, visiting academicians, undergraduates, and the research and technical staff who contributed so much to the atmosphere for learning and the technical contributions that emanated from Princeton s Combustion Research Laboratory. 

Fig. 28. The cumulative COj/CO ratio for coke bum-off on spherical catalyst beads versus combustion temperature in air (O) white amorphous silica-alumina ( ) green Cr02-containing amorphous silica-alumina (M) macroporous white catalyst. The weight (mg) of the bead tested is denoted by the numerals adjacent to the respective symbol. Dashed line represents intrinsic ratios from carbon combustion research. From Weisz (1966).

Hobbs M.L., Radulovic P.T., and Smoot L.D., Combustion and Gasification of Coals in Fixed-Beds , Progress in Energy and Combustion Research 19(6), 505-586(1993). 

Friberg R. and Blasiak W., Preliminary Measurements of the Conversion Gas Rate for Two Types of Wood-Fuels as Function of Primary Air Temperature and Primary Air Flow , in the proceedings of the conference Survey of Combustion Research in Sweden, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburgh, 21-22 October, 111-119(1998). 

In addition to these full-scale tests, EPA has initiated a program to conduct extensive intermediate-scale incinerator studies, i.e., studies that would approximate the actual conditions that exist in full-scale incinerators but that at the same time would be close enough to the laboratory studies previously discussed to allow correlation of the results from both scales of operation ( ). The EPA Combustion Research Facility (CRF) has been constructed to conduct this program at the National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR), Jefferson, Arkansas. 

Carnes, R. A. Whitmore, F. C. "Siting and Design Consideration for the Environmental Protection Agency Combustion Research Facility," Proc. 8th Annu. Res. Symp. Incinera-tion and Treatment of Hazardous Waste, EPA-600/9-83-003, 1983. 

EPA. 1978. Combustion research on characterization of particulate organic matter in flames. Research Triangle Park, NC U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory. 

Combustion of aluminum particle as fuel, and oxygen, air, or steam as oxidant provides an attractive propulsion strategy. In addition to hydrocarbon fuel combustion, research is focussed on determining the particle size and distribution and other relevant parameters for effectively combusting aluminum/oxygen and aluminum/steam in a laboratory-scale atmospheric dump combustor by John Foote at Engineering Research and Consulting, Inc. (Chapter 8). A Monte-Carlo numerical scheme was utilized to estimate the radiant heat loss rates from the combustion products, based on the measured radiation intensities and combustion temperatures. These results provide some of the basic information needed for realistic aluminum combustor development for underwater propulsion. 

Zukoski, E. E., and I. E. Marble. 1955. The role of wake transition in the process of flame stabilization on bluff bodies. In ACARD combustion research and reviews. London Butterworths. 

Tunable diode-laser sensors offer considerable promise for combustion research and development and also for process sensing and control applications. These devices are rugged and relatively easy to operate and they have been demonstrated to yield simple and quantitative measurements of species, temperature, and velocity, where line-of-sight measurements are useful or preferred. These techniques will grow in use as costs of laser sources and fiber-optic components decrease and access to more wavelength regions improves. 

In summary, porous inserts could benefit combustor performance. More materials and combustion research is needed to develop the technology for practical applications. 

Finally, the development of microcombustors for energy conversion in small devices appears to be a stimulating field for catalytic combustion research, which once more will require the combined study of engineering solutions with advanced catalytic materials. 

S.S. Pennet, "Chemical Rocket Pcopulsion and Combustion Research ,... 

Ibid, pp 1075-79 Y) J.R. Richard et al, "Spontaneous Ignition and Combustion of Sodium Droplets in Various Oxidizing Atmospheres at Atmospheric Pressure , 12thSymp-Combstn, Poitiers, France, July 14-20, 1968 (Published in 1969), pp 39-48 Z) A. Ma ek J. McKenzie Semple, "Experimental Burning Rates and Combustion AA) F.J. Kosdon, "Combustion of Vertical Cellulosic Cylinders in Air , Ibid, pp 41-43 (8 refs) BB) Louis Viaud, Supersonic Combustion Research by ONERA , Ibid, pp 197-98 Note ONERA stands for "Office National... 

Combustion of Liquid Propellants and the Use of Similarity Principles in Theoretical Combustion Research... 

Fundamental Combustion Research Relating to liquid Fuel Rocket Propellants... 

Fundamental combustion studies on liquid fuel rocket components have been a favorite subject for experimental and theoretical combustion research for some years (11). Among representative problems that have been studied extensively are the following ... 

The use of similarity principles in theoretical combustion research is justified because of our inadequate present and expected future knowl-... 

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