Column comment

Table 3. Representative affinity constants for the binding of metal to transport sites or whole cells/organisms. Ionic strengths and pH values are given for the conditional constants. In the column Comments , information on the method of determination (Km = Michaelis-Menten constant WC = whole-cell titrations) the type of constant (CC = conditional constant IC = intrinsic constant) and special conditions (Cl = competitive inhibitors NICA = nonideal competitive adsorption) are given...

Data not confirmed by other reports see column "Comments", n.d., not determined. 

Dafa nof confirmed by more recenf results see column "Comments". 

A. Determine if an analytical separation can be developed on a 2 mm ID x 61 cm pellicular column (Corasil II). Transfer this separation to the large particle, totally porous column (Porasil A). Compare the plate number and k values from the two columns. Comment as to the similarities and differences. 

I 4 Comparison and Selection ( Modern HPLC Columns Comments on Table 4.1... 

The tutorials that follow contain instructions for using SpartanBuild Each tutorial gives instructions for a related group of tasks (install software change model display etc) Computer instructions are listed m the left hand column and comments are listed m the right hand column Please perform these instructions on your computer as you read along... 

What-if produces a table of narrative questions and answers suggesting accident scenano.s. consequences, and mitigation. Table 3.3.2-1 shows a typical What-If analysis for the Dock 8. < in the left in the line above the table is indicated the line/vessel that is being analyzed. To the right is the date and page numbers. The first row in the table contains the column headings beginning with i ie what-if question followed by the consequences, safety levels, scenario number and comments. 11C comments column may contain additional descriptive information or actions/ recommendations. 

The TSK-GEL column is a trademark of Tosoh Haas Co. Ltd and the Waters Insulin HMWP column is a trademark of Waters Corporation. The author thanks the book s editor Chi-san Wu, the assigned peer reviewer, and the Eli Lilly and Company reviwers John Towns, Ralph Riggin, and James Kelley for their assistance, time, and professional comments. 

The line beginning with is the route section for this job. The first line of the route section always begins with a pound sign in the first column (UNIX folks this is not a comment marker). T requests terse output from the program (only the essential results), alone requests normal (traditional) Gaussian output, and P requests more detail in the output file. 

Statements. Most statements, except where noted otherwise, begin in the seventh column of a page considered to be 80 columns w ide continuation linen are indicated by a + (symbol may vary with version of language) in the sixth column. The first five columns are reserved for labels (line numbers), which are only required if the line is referenced by another statement, and for comment lines, which are determined by a character in the first column. Columns 7 to 72 are reserved for statements 7.S-80 are not read. (See Table 1-24 for required order of statements in FORTRAN.)... 

A number of other sulphoxide reduction reactions bear mentioning. The first, due to Marchelli and coworkers , is a very simple procedure whereby the sulphoxide is refluxed with t-butyl bromide and chloroform. A useful range of sulphoxides was studied and distillation of the reaction mixture (or percolation through a column of silica gel) gave pure sulphides in yields of > 90%. The procedure is appealing because of its experimental simplicity, and its use of a relatively inexpensive reagent. It may not be very successful with sterically hindered sulphoxides and the authors do not comment on this possibility. The mechanism of this reduction reaction is akin to that of BBrj (cf. Section II.A.3), except that the bromine trap is provided by a second mole of t-butyl bromide, as shown in equation (13) ... 

Before discussing column preparation procedures a few comments on nomenclature are in order. Open tubular columns are also widely known as capillary columns. The characteristic feature of these columns is their openness, which provides an unrestricted gas path through the column. Thus open tubular colximn rather than capillary column is a more apt description. However, both descriptions appear frequently in the literature and can be emsidered interchangeable. The type of columns discussed so far are also known as wall-coated open tubular columns (WCOT). Here the liquid phase is deposited directly onto the column wall without the inclusion of any additive that might be considered as... 

Introduction technique Column type Selected mode Sample type Comments... 

Numbers and letters in the first column (labeled Point ) refer to references and comments for Figure A-1. 

Now we will respond to the various comments, and make some more observations of our own. We will re-quote the pertinent parts of the communications from the responders, collecting together those on a similar topic and comment on them collectively. Note than some of these quotes were from later messages than those quoted in our previous column, because they were generated during subsequent discussions, and so may not have appeared previously. 

The format of this columns is as follows each numbered section starts with the comments from the various responders dealing with a given aspect of the subject, followed by our response to them collectively. So now let us consider the various points raised, starting with the use of noise-free data ... 

In our original column on this topic [1] we had only done a principal component analysis to compare with the MLR results. One of the comments made, and it was made by all the responders, was to ask why we did not also do a PLS analysis of the synthetic linearity data. There were a number of reasons, and we offered to send the data to any or all of the responders who would care to do the PLS analysis and report the results. Of the original responders, Paul Chabot took us up on our offer. In addition, at the 1998 International Diffuse Reflectance Conference (The Chambersburg meeting), Susan Foulk also offered to do the PLS analysis of this data. 

At this point, however, we again need to take cognizance of comments we received after the material of this chapter was published as a column. One of our respondents noted that the analysis performed could be done in a different way, a way which might be superior to the way we did it. Normally, if we agree with someone who takes issue with our work we would simply publish a correction, or, when rewriting the material for this book, use the corrected form (as we have done in various places). In this case, however, that seems inappropriate, for several reasons. First, we are not convinced that... 

The comments column may contain additional descriptive information or actions/ recommendations. The recommendations, sometimes with more detailed explanations, can be summarized in the report to produce a list of action items or suggestions for improving the safety of the process. These results should be reviewed with management to assure that the findings are transmitted to those ultimately responsible for any actions. 

Preliminary Hazard List Description. The incorporation of this information into a PHL entry is shown as Table I. This entry describes the nature of the hazardous event (column 1), why or how the hazard may result in a mishap (column 2), the effects on operating personnel, equipment, and the facility (column 3), the risk assessment code assigned to the uncontrolled hazard (column 4) and any comments the originator may have (column 5). 

A large number of separations can be performed by HPLC by simply injecting various samples and appropriate final data reduction, although the column and/or solvent may require a change for each new application. Based on these comments, it should be obvious that HPLC is considerably more convenient and less operator-dependent than classical LC. The greater reproducibility and continuous quantitative detection in HPLC allows more reliable qualitative analysis as well as more precise and accurate quantitative analysis than classical LC. 

Describe in the first column of the table what specific materials and quantities could be combined, how they could be combined, and for how long. Use the second column to indicate whether or not ambient, unconfined conditions apply (ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, noninerted and nonenriched atmosphere with 21% oxygen, and no enclosure or confinement). Assume published compatibility data will be valid only if ambient, unconfined conditions apply, unless the data indicate otherwise. Use the third column to indicate that, for this scenario under these conditions, a chemical reaction will occur that has the potential for any of your predetermined undesired consequences. Document any comments and the source of your information in the last column. 

Table 5.1 shows what the documentation of the screening might look like for this example, if the user decided to proceed to answer the remaining questions. The Comments column is used to indicate where information was obtained for answering each question. The information in Table 5.1 gives an idea of what chemical reactivity hazards will need to be controlled to operate the facility safely. 

Next, measure your resistors connected two at a time in series. This means that two of the resistors are connected end to end. When two resistors are connected in this fashion, the total resistance is the sum of the two. To do this, use the socket board and insert the wire ends of one resistor into sockets FI and F5 (as in step 5), for example, so that the ends are not connected internally. Then insert the wire ends of the other resistor into sockets G5 and G9, for example. Since G5 and F5 are connected internally, this connects both resistors in series. Now measure the total resistance by touching the lead tips of the multimeter to sockets HI and H9. Record the individual values of the two resistors, the sum of the two, and the measured value of the sum in another table (four columns) in your notebook. Repeat with several different combinations. Comment on the agreement (or lack thereof) between the calculated and measured values. 

Calculate the number of theoretical plates indicated for the data for component A in problem 45 and also calculate the height equivalent to a theoretical plate given that the column length is 72 in. Comment on the significance of your answers. 

Change column to one with some other stationary phase, perhaps one suggested by your instructor. Set the column temperature to 100°C and the carrier gas flow rate to 20 mL/min. Inject 1.0 pL of the mixture. Assuming good resolution, observe the order of elution. Is it different from that observed with the former stationary phase If so, explain how that could be. If not, compare the resolution here with that of a previous injection in which all the parameters were equal. Comment on the difference. 

The various fluorescence-based methods for the determination of fluidity and molecular mobility are summarised in Table 8.1. Attention should be paid to the comments indicated in the last column. 

A further group of very stable (refractory) compounds is formed (as noticed in the comments to Table 5.18) with the elements at the far right part of the Periodic Table. Within the general reactivity pattern of uranium (Fig. 5.14), the seemingly irregular behaviour shown by the U-Ag system (2nd box in the 11th column) may... 

Table 7-2 lists some of the more common solvents, along with some of their effects and their hazard potential. The word acute in the table refers to a short-term, relatively high concentration exposure, while the term chronic refers to a long-term, relatively low exposure. The column labeled Hazard Potential gives the recommended exposure limit. A question mark after a comment indicates that there is some doubt about the conclusion. 

Process designers sometimes like to use dephlegmators or partial condensers mounted directly in the top of the distillation column when the overhead product is taken off as a vapor. They arc particularly popular for corrosive, toxic, or hard-to-handle chemicals since they eliminate a. separate condenser shell, a reflux drum, and a reflux pump. Comment on the relative controllability of the two process systems sketched below. 

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