Colour and appearance

The key properties here are hardness and wear resistance, ability to. stand minor knocks and dents without cracking and resistance to various domestic chemicals. These vary with type of appliance, e.g. detergent solutions are important for washing machines, while a fridge will be required to withstand fruit juices, ketchup and polishes. Good colour and appearance in white and mainly pastel shades will be expected. Corrosion resistance is required, especially for washing machines, and domestic appliances frequently have to withstand humid conditions in kitchens. 

Durability of colouring and appearance requirements are more stringent. 

Referral for foot conditions is indicated in toenail involvement, diabetic patients and where foot colour and appearance are abnormal. 

The need for placebos generally from the first human study onwards t)q)ically involves manufacture of dummy capsules or tablets, and if oral solutions or suspensions are to be used, these must be matched as closely as possible for taste, colour and appearance. 

Iodine trichloride forms long citron-yellow needles, and also large reddish-brown rhombic plates. The sp. gr. at 15° is 3T17 (A. Christomanos). This compound melts in a sealed tube under the press, of its own vapour at 101° and 16 atm. press, forming a reddish-brown liquid which freezes to crystals of the same colour. The citron-yellow crystals are obtained by sublimation. The differences in colour and appearance led W. Stortenbeker to say that the trichloride is dimorphous. The crystals readily decompose in air, but they can be preserved unchanged in an atm. 

The external characters (colour and appearance of the surface and section) are examined and determinations made of the specific gravity, strength and permeability as for bark-tanned leather. 

Colour and appearance Light yellow to yellow Clear liquid, free from sediment light yellow or greenish yellow... 

Origin of water Output m3/hr Colour and appearance Acid content Colour after purification with lime milk... 

Evaporate the solution to dryness and note the colour and appearance of the residue. 

J. B. Hutchings, Food Colour and Appearence, Blackie Academic and Professional, London, U.K., 1994. 

This compound is obtained by treating methylene blue with nitrous acid. It dyes textile fibres a fine dark green colour, and appears, from its properties, to be a nitro-derivative of methylene blue. In its behaviour towards fibres it resembles. the latter. 

The fourth way that water exists in oil is in the form of stable emulsions. These form in a way similar to meso-stable emulsions except that the oil must contain at least 8% asphaltenes. The viscosity of stable emulsions is 500 to 800 times higher than that of the starting oil and the emulsion will remain stable for weeks and even months after formation. Stable emulsions are reddish-brown in colour and appear... 

Colour and appearance are powerful indicators of object quality. This applies particularly to food. Human beings have different sensitivities to flavour and it is relatively easy to confuse tasters by giving them inappropriately coloured foods (Moir 1936). The existence of the halo effect results in some foods having to be tailored for a particular market. For example, the French prefer their rose wines to... 

Where assessments take place on a production line, good consistent conditions for viewing the sample or matching to a memorised or formal colour standard need to be made available. Market researchers often find themselves in conditions unsuitable for the making of reliable appearance assessments. A specification of the environment of the test, including types of illumination and colour of the test surrounds, should be noted in the final report. This will make it easier for the occurrence of colour metamerism problems to be minimised. If the consumer s views of product colour and appearance are important to the project, standard lighting and viewing conditions should be provided. 

ASTM (1985). American Society for Testing and Materials, colour and appearance measurement, standard method for visual evaluation of gloss differences between surfaces of similar appearance. Philadelphia ASTM D 4449-85. 

ASTM (1994). American Society for Testing and Materials, colour and appearance measurement. Philadelphia ASTM. 

HUTCHINGS, J. B. (1999) Food Colour and Appearance, 2nd edn, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Pubhshers, Dordrecht. 

HUTCHINGS J, SINGLETON M, PLATER K AND DIAS B (2001) Food COlour and appearance measurement, specification and communication, can we do better Proceedings International Colour Association, Rochester (forthcoming). 

Air also has other functions in ice cream. Air bubbles scatter light and therefore affect the colour and appearance. This is why aerated ice cream is whiter than unaerated mix. The air bubble size affects the sensory properties for example, small air bubbles give a smooth texture. Finally, the air bubbles can help to keep the ice crystals separate, and therefore reduce accretion. 

The octahedral, cubic crystals are violet to black in colour, and appear ruby-red in thin layers and J. H. Kastle found that the intensity of the colour is very much reduced at liquid air temp. F. Klocke, C. F. Rammelsberg, C. von Hauer, and J. W. Retgers showed that the crystals are isomorphous with other alums, for they show similar corrosion figures. E. Dittler obtained overgrowth with potassium aluminium sulphate. T. V. Barker found a close connection between parallel overgrowths in chrome-alum, potash-alum, and ammonia-alum and the mol. vols which are respectively 542-2, 541-6, and 552-2. C. von Hauer found that with the introduction of a crystal of iron-alum in a sat. soln. of chrome-alum nearly all the latter separates out while L. de Boisbaudran found that a sat. soln. of basic ammonium aluminium alum does not affect the octahedral faces of the... 

Kul ar, R., Panak, O., Othalova, L., Friskovec, M., Kaplanova, M., Klanjsek Gunde, M., 2010. Dynamic colour and appearance of thermochromic offset inks. In Proceedings of 5th International Symposium of Novelties in Graphics (Ljubljana, Slovenia). 

In addition to their good mechanical properties, composites typically show low thermal conductivities and minimal water absorption [21]. This allows them to protect the tooth from thermal damage when hot foodstuffs or beverages are consumed. Also, colour and appearance remain stable over extended periods of time. 

The strip then passes through the second set of rollers which apply the finish coat, again to one side or to both, as required, to provide the final colour and appearance of the final coated system before passing... 

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