Visual Evaluation

Reflectance Spectrophotometry. Because of discrepancies that can occur between strength and shade evaluations in solution and on textile substrates, the latter is often the preferred evaluation technique. In the case of dye manufacture, many dyes are standardized in solution but there is always a final control step where dyeings are prepared. Historically, such dyeings have been evaluated visually for the relative strength and the shade of the dye under test on the substrate, compared to the standard. More and more attempts are being made to do such evaluations objectively. Guidelines for the use of this technique have been pubflshed (43). 

Ability to control age, experience, specific deficiencies, and other factors can impact the judgment performance of people who evaluate visual quality ... 

Automated static threshold perimetry evaluates visual fields useful in diagnosis and determining if there is disease progression. 

Di Piazza et al. 51 Neomycin (double-blind) 7 days Flapping tremor, bradylalia, patient self-evaluation, visual evoked potential reaction, trial making test E Rif > Neo T Rif = Neo... 

Graphical presentation of data assists in determining the form of the function of a single variable (or two variables). The response y versus the independent variable x can be plotted and the resulting form of the model evaluated visually. Figure 2.4 shows experimental heat transfer data plotted on log-log coordinates. The plot... 

The validation of heavy metals limit test method is required to evaluate the specificity and the detection limit of the limit test of impurities. However, since the JP method is capable of detecting Pb, Bi, Cu, Cd, Sn, and Hg, specificity evaluation for these metals is not required. The detection limit of the method should be evaluated visually. 

Experience has shown that samples evaluated visually, and then measured for color difference, will not all plot within a rectangularshaped area of acceptability. In actuality, the pattern formed by plotting the samples will be... 

Evaluation Visual, growth of contact and halo Loss of tensile strength or weight. Control samples must rot in about 7 days. Visual assessment (including a microscope) Number of colony forming units (cfu)... 

Coated solids are generally evaluated visually to detect defects in the and a list of common defects is... 

After outliers have been purged from the data and a model has been evaluated visually and/or by, e.g. residual plots, the model fit should also be tested by appropriate statistical methods [2, 6, 9, 10, 14], The fit of unweighted regression models (homoscedastic data) can be tested by the ANOVA lack-of-fit test [6, 9]. A detailed discussion of alternative statistical tests for both unweighted and weighted calibration models can be found in Ref. [16]. The widespread practice to evaluate a calibration model via its coefficients of correlation or determination is not acceptable from a statistical point of view [9]. 

Practical evaluations utilize commercial washing machines and use actual colored clothing materials in the test. These clothes are then washed repeatedly with detergent over a 10- to 50-cycle range. The clothes are then evaluated visually using an expert panel. Instrumental measurements can also be taken. 

Specimen 3 (Fig. 2) was also a problematic surface to evaluate visually even though the regions of adhesive and wood failure were more obvious than those of specimen 2. Despite this, the visual determinations of wood failure still varied widely (30-95 %). The laser-scan instrument indicated 52 % wood failure at the 40 pm-tolerance levels and 37 % wood failure at the 60 pm-tolerance levels. 

The subjects then use the product(s) in a standardized manner for 10-50 washes per day over the course of 1-4 days. Following every wash, every fifth wash, or some other predetermined standard interval, the hands are evaluated visually and/or instrumentally. 

The measurement and control of color and gloss parameters is critical because of aesthetic reasons and provides an indirect measure to control process parameters. The impression gloss consists of several appearance phenomena - specular gloss, haze, DOI and surface smoothness. The evaluation of surface smoothness has major influence on the total appearance and is currently only evaluated visually. The presented new measurement technique correlates with the visual assessment of orange peel and objectively measures surface smoothness. The measurement results of the new orange peel instrument (long - and short-term waviness) were related to different process parameters, such as substrate roughness, in an actual case study. 

At the moment, the phenomena orange peel, is either evaluated visually or by profilometry, whieh can only be used in laboratory applieations. Physieal paint standards with different degrees of orange peel or other visual instruments are used as support tools for the visual evaluation (Tension Meter, Landoldt Rings). Therefore, we believed that it is nec-... 

It is always preferable to use as much of the data as possible to determine the reaction rate expression. This principle often implies that one should use some sort of graphical procedure to analyze the data. Visual inspection of such plots may indicate that certain points are seriously in error and should not be weighted heavily in the determination of the reaction rate expression. The consistency and precision of the data can also be evaluated visually by observing the deviation of the data points from a smooth curve (ideally, their deviations from a straight line). 

Even a few years ago, to determine initial values for the unknowns of a network adjustment with angles and distances was not regarded as a serious problem. Therefore there are no specific solutions for this problem to be found in geodetic literature. It was assumed, that the geometrical situation in the network was evaluated visually first, and then the coordinates of the points were calculated step by step one point after the other by applying standard strategies of point intersection, radiated stations, traverses, etc. 

Four different test methods are outlined to simulate the most common ways that materials are exposed to water drip, spray, submersion and a rub method. Actually, the method of water application may greatly affect the outcome of the test. While one or more of the test methods may be performed, to best qualify a product aU four test methods described in the standard should be used. The drip and spray test are evaluated visually, while the submersion and rub tests can be evaluated visually and instrumentally. 

Obtaining Data. The first step in pattern recognition is to obtain data from the environment. Data can be provided by an operator or obtained through a variety of sensory systems. Some machines use optical sensors to evaluate visual data, and others use chemical receptors to detect molecules or auditory sensors to evaluate sound waves. 

Large aggregates of proteins which exhibit an opalescent or hazy appearance may be easily measured by light scattering phenomena. Protein pharmaceutical products are commonly evaluated visually for clarity and degree of opalescence a relatively simple turbidi-... 

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