Coccus cacti

Cochineal Extract. Cochineal extract (Cl Natural Red 4, Cl No. 75470 EEC No. E 120) is the concentrated solution obtained after removing the alcohol from an aqueous-alcohoHc extract of cochineal, which is the dried bodies of the female insect Coccus cacti Dactylopius coccus costd) a variety of field louse. The coloring principle of the extract is beHeved to be carminic acid [1260-17-9] (40), an hydroxyanthraquinone linked to a glucose unit, comprising approximately 10% of cochineal and 2—4% of its extract. 

Carmine is a colored pigment extracted from the female insect Coccus cacti or Dactylopius coccus, or its eggs. These insects live on prickly pear cactus in Mexico. The Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortes brought the dye to Europe after seeing the Aztecs use it. 

Dactylopius coccus COSTA (Coccus cacti L.) (Coccidae)... 

Carmine occurs as bright red, friable pieces or as a dark red powder. It is the aluminum or the calcium-aluminum lake, on an aluminum hydroxide substrate, of the coloring principles obtained by an aqueous extraction of cochineal. Cochineal consists of the dried female insects Dactylopius coccus costa (Coccus cacti L.), enclosing young larvae the coloring principles thus derived consist mainly of carminic acid (C22H20O13). It is soluble in alkali solutions, slightly soluble in hot water, and practically insoluble in cold water and in dilute acids. 

The spectrum in Figure 7 is the result of the subtraction of the spectra ultramarine blue and white lead. Similar spectral features are present in Figure 8, a reference spectrum of crude cochineal (from Peruvian Coccus cacti). This reference spectrum was taken from the darker red, almost black, part of the dried insect. An important consideration is that if the region from 1400 to 1800 cm-1 is expanded, a pair of doublets become evident at 1465 and 1472 cm"1 and at 1708 and 1734 cm-1. These same bands appear in the reference spectrum at 1463 and 1472 cm"1 and at 1708 and 1734 cm"1. The fact that the frequencies of these doublets match suggests that the red pigment may very well be cochineal. 

Figure 9. Reference spectrum of whole, ground Coccus cacti (251 scans).

In examining these samples, we found evidence of indigo and a red dye in several samples, and the same red dye was found in other fibers. A search of our files of modern dyes showed this to be similar to the modem food colorant. Carmine Cl Natural Red 4, which is obtained from the cochineal insect Dactylopius cacti (formerly called Coccus cacti). Since it is believed that cochineal was known to the Precolumbian Peruvians, we made the comparison, and the curves are shown in Figure 5. Later, we found that William J. Young of the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston had found cochineal in Nazca textiles (12). 

Laccifer lacca Kerr), and is widely used for coloring food. It is known that the red color is derived from a water-soluble pigment including laccaic acids A, B, C, and E. Cochineal color extracted from the dried female bodies of the scale insect (Coccus cacti L.) is water-soluble and has a reddish color. The main coloring component is carmic acid. 

The important dyeware known as cochineal consists of the dried female of an insect, the Coccus cacti coccinellifera, which lives on certain species of cactus. The colouring principle of cochineal is glucoside carminic acid, of the formula CnHigOjo [77]. 

Derivation By extraction from the insects Coccus cacti (cochineal). 

Cochineal (E 120) is the red coloring matter extracted from the dried bodies of female insects of the species Dactylopius coccus Costa or Coccus cacti L. These insects are cultivated on the cactus plants in Peru, Equador, Guatamala, and Mexico. 

Cochineal consists of the dried powdered bodies of the female species of the insect Coccus cacti, gathered from plants of the prickly-pear family growing in Central and South America, Mexico, and the East and West Indies. The component which is the mordant dye is known as carminic acid, (5),... 

Cochineal. The dried female insect. Coccus cacti L., enclosing the young larvae. Habit. Mexico, Central America cultivated in West Indies, Canary Islands, Algiers, and Southern Spain. About 70,000 insects to 1 lb. Constit. About 10% carminic acid, about 2% coccerin (a wax), about 10% fat. The coloring matter—alkali carminate—is contained only in the fatty parts of the insect and in the yolk of the eggs, to the extent of 10-14%. 

B Rose liquid Carmine Carmine (Coccus cacti L.) CCRIS 1204 Cochineal (Coccus cacti L.) Cochineal extract lake EINECS 215-724-4 FEMA No, 2242 FEMA No. 2330. Aluminum lake of the coloring agent, cochineal cochineal Is a natural pigment derived from the dried female insect Coccus cacti dyes, inks, indicator in chemioal analysis, coloring food, medicine. Acefo Co/p, Greet R.W. Co. Penta Mfg. Warner-Jenkinson. 

They are derived from the body of female insects of species Coccus cacti. This insect can be found in the Canary Islands and the dye costs a great deal. It can be used in the production of candies, sweets, alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks, jams, eye shadows, rouge, and as a coating for piUs at a percentage of 0.04%-0.2%. 

Aluminum calcium lake. See Carmine (Coccus cacti)... 

IMttition Aluminum lake of the coloring agent, cochineal cochineal is a natural pigment derived from the dried female insect Coccus cacti Empirical CjiHaO,... 

Alum. See Potassium alum dodecahydrate Potassium alum anhydrous Sodium alum Aluminum sulfate Aiumaiux 39. See Alumina Alum, ammonium. See Ammonium alum Alum carmine. See Carmine (Coccus cacti)... 

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