Coatings of polycarbonate

The lanthanides find some use as stabilizers for polymers. The coating of polycarbonate with a poly(vinyl alcohol) film containing CeCl3 inhibits photodegradation of the polycarbonate.151 The naphthenates of cerium, lanthanum and yttrium act as thermal stabilizers for polyorgano-siloxanes.152... 

Lam, S.W., Soetanto, A. and Amal, R. (2009) Self-cleaning performance of polycarbonate surfaces coated with titania nanoparticles. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 11, 1971-1979. 

The contribution by Rouzaud et al. teaches to apply a modified version of high resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) as an efficient technique of quantitative investigation of the mechanism of irreversible capacity loss in various carbon candidates for application in lithium-ion batteries. The authors introduce the Corridor model , which is interesting and is likely to stimulate active discussion within the lithium-ion battery community. Besides carbon fibers coated with polycarbon (a candidate anode material for lithium-ion technology), authors study carbon aerogels, a known material for supercapacitor application. Besides the capability to form an efficient double electric layer in these aerogels, authors... 

The substrates tested alone have substantially different values. Polycarbonate (1/4 inch) structural foam has an of 27.5, modified-polyphenylene oxide (1/4 inch), 84.4, and RIM polyurethane (1/2 inch), 173.3. These values compare with 164.4 for 1/4 inch hardboard and 139.1 for 1/4 inch plywood. A comparison of graphite, nickel, and copper/aciylic coatings on polycarbonate and modified-polyphenylene oxide substrates illustrate a dramatic result. Despite a factor of 3 difference in substrate performance, the Q and Fs values for the coated samples are very similar. The Q for the modified-polyphenylene oxide samples are 0.7 to 0.5 that of the uncoated sample. One would expect a similarity in Fs for the coated sample, but such a reduction in Q is dramatic. Both Q and Fs are determined by the 2 mil surface. 

The result was the compact disc (CD). Made from 1.2 mm of polycarbonate plastic, the disc is coated with a much thinner aluminum layer that is then protected with a film of lacquer. The lacquer layer (10) can be printed with a label. CDs are typically 120 mm in diameter, and can store about 74 minutes of music. There are also discs that can store 80, 90, 99, and 100 minutes of music, but they are not as compatible with various stereos and computers as the 74—minute size. 

Thermal barrier coatings, 1 711-712 Thermal behavior, of polycarbonates, 19 805... 

Bisphenols is a broad term that includes many chemicals with the common chemical structure of two phenolic rings joined together by a bridging carbon. Bisphenol A is a monomer widely used in the manufacture of epoxy and phenolic resins, polycarbonates, polyacrylates and corrosion-resistant unsaturated polyester-styrene resins. It can be found in a diverse range of products, including the interior coatings of food cans and filters, water containers, dental composites and sealants. [4]. BPA and BP-5 were selected for testing by the whole... 

Bisphenol-A (BPA) or 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane is one of the highest volume chemicals produced worldwide, with a production volume of approximately 3.8 million tons in 2006 [199]. BPA is mainly used as monomer in the production of polycarbonate and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate is a transparent polymer with a high impact resistance which can be used in different consumer goods such as reusable drinking bottles and food containers. Epoxy resins on the other hand are used as inner coating of food and drink cans. Release and exposure of... 

The scope of this chapter will be to focus on well-defined metal complexes that serve as homogeneous catalysts for the production of polycarbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide. Although there are numerous such well-characterized metal complexes that catalyze this transformation, we will focus this chapter on recent contributions involving metal salicylaldimine (salen) and derivatives thereof [6, 7]. Some of the alternative catalysts systems are very active and selective for copolymer production. Most notably among these are the zinc p-diiminates reported by Coates and coworkers [8, 9]. These systems have been reviewed in detail elsewhere [10]. 

J. Abenojar, R. Torregrosa-Coque, M.A. Martinez, and J.M. Martin-Martinez, Surface modifications of polycarbonate (PC) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) copolymer by treatment with atmospheric plasma, Surf. Coat. Technol, 203(16) 2173-2180, May 2009. 

PBBs were also widely used as flame retardant additives in polymer formulations, e.g., synthetic fibers, molded plastics and plastic housings also in the manufacture of polycarbonates, polyesters, polyolefins and polystyrenes. Nixed ABS polymers (acrylonitrile -butadiene - styrene), plastics, coatings and lacquers also contained added PBBs to enhance fire-retardancy. 

Among the emerging pollutants of industrial origin, Bisphenol A [2,2 bis(4-hydroxydiphenyl)pro-pane] (BPA) has special relevance since it was one of the first chemicals discovered to mimic estrogens as endocrine disrupters.147 This compound was first reported by Dianin in 1891.1411 BPA is produced in large quantities worldwide, mainly for the preparation of polycarbonates, epoxy resins, and unsaturated polyester-styrene resins.149 The final products are used in many ways, such as coatings on cans, powder paints, additives in thermal paper, in dental composite fillings, and even as antioxidants in plasticizers or polymerization inhibitors in polyvinyl chloride (PVC). To a minor extent, BPA is also used as precursor for flame retardants such as tetrabromobisphenol A or tetrabromobisphenol-S-bis(2,3-dibromopropyl) ether.150 This substance can enter the environment... 

In view of its application in the field of electronics there is particular interest in the coating of polypropylene mouldings against radio-frequency and electromagnetic interference the successful development of aqueous processes for polycarbonate provides a viable alternative to other methods for shielding the housings of electronic products—such as by paints containing nickel. 

Results for a 20 pm thick sample of polycarbonate containing 50 mass% TPD for a field of 1.5 x 107Vm-1 at 296 K with charges injected from an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode coated with a 0.1 pm thick layer of PPV are shown in Fig. 8.30(b). The limiting current is close to the trap-free SCLC, indicating that the PPV-coated ITO acts as an efficient hole-injecting electrode. The lower curve is the TOF transient recorded under identical conditions. The arrow on the lower curve indicates the transit time and that on the upper curve is 0.8 of this value. The step-voltage response is therefore close to the theoretical prediction. 

Organic solvents are most commonly used, and encapsulating polymers include ethylcellu-lose, NC, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinyl acetate and others. Interfacial polymerization produces a polymer such as nylon at the interface between layered solns of two precursor materials such as (in the case of a nylon) a diamine and a diacid (Refs 3 11). If the particle or droplet to be encapsulated is made to pass thru the interface by, say, sedimentation, it will pick up a coating of the polymer as it passes thru... 

Fig. I. Crosman BB shot beads plated with bright nickel and black nickel (for color coding purposes), then coated with polycarbonate by immersing in 5% solution of methylene chloride, scattering on slick paper, and allowing to dry. Various antigens or antibodies are adsorbed onto this plastic surface the beads are soaked in a % solution of bovine serum albumin in phosphate-buffered saline, drained, air dried, and stored below 0° until needed.

Reproducibility of immunoassay results can be adversely affected by variations in the chemical formulation of different lots of plastics used as the solid phase (see section on Solid Phase Materials). Therefore, use of a thin coating of one lot of plastic over a material like metal for millions of tests could be important in standardizing immunoassay techniques. Extremely small amounts of polycarbonate (or other plastics) are required for putting a thin coating on steel beads. Therefore, one small commercial lot of plastic (e.g., one 212 pound 4x8 foot sheet of polycarbonate) would be sufficient to prepare beads for over 100 million tests. Plastic solid phases employing Microtiter plates, test tubes, and polystyrene beads require relatively large quantities of plastic for fabrication and, con-... 

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