Coalbed methane reservoirs

Stratigraphy and structure of coalbed methane reservoirs in the United States An overview International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 35, p. 1-4. 

Su XB. Pore Characteristic of Coalbed Methane Reservoir. Journal of Jiaozuo Institute of Technology, 1998, 17(1) 6 11. (in Chinese). 

McKee, C. R et al. 1988. Use of barometric pressure to obtain In-situ compressibility of a coalbed methane reservoir. SPE 17725(13-15). 

Yao Y.B., Liu D M.. Huang W.H., Tang D.Z., Tang S.H. 2006. Research on the pore-fractures system properties of coalbed methane reservoirs and recovery in Huainan and Huaibei coal-fields. Journal of China Coal Society 31(2) 136-168. (in Chinese). 

Chen, Z., Khaja, N., Rahman, S.S. 2006. Formation Damage Induced by Fracture Fluids in Coalbed Methane Reservoirs. SPE, 101127. 

Development of Advanced Reservoir Characterisation and Simulation Tools for Improved Coalbed Methane Recovery. Led by Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine, the main objective of this project is to develop technology and tools to more accurately assess the potential for improved methane recovery and COj sequestration by investigating the basic scientific phenomena of COj coal injection and retention. The researchers primary objective is to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of water and CO2-CH4 adsorption/desorption, diffusion/counter diffusion, and 2-phase flow under simulated reservoir conditions (stress, pore pressure, and temperature). The results of these studies will then be applied to design of a CO2-ICBM recovery and COj sequestration simulator for the European industry. 

Kuuskraa V. A., Kelafant J., and Kuuskraa J. A. (1997) A critical look at the geologic and reservoir controls on producing Appalachian Basin coalbed methane. AAPG Eastern Section and the Society for Organic Petrology Joint Meeting. Abstracts, AAPG Bulletin. 81, 1556. 

Levine J. R. (1991) The impact of oil formed during coalification on generation and storage of natural gas in coalbed reservoir systems. Proc. 1991 Coalbed Methane Symp. 307-315. 

In addition to carbon sequestration, technologies that would provide economic benefits include those that enhance oil recovery, produce coalbed methane, and maintain pressures in depleted gas reservoirs to avoid surface subsidence. Currently, companies in the United States sell one billion standard cubic feet of C02 each day, or approximately the C02 output from one conventional coal-fired electric power plant with a power capacity of 2300 MW. This C02 is used economically and with little or no environmental impact for approximately 70 enhanced oil recovery projects and for other industrial applications. Pipeline specifications for C02 quality, pipeline safety issues, and custody of the C02 have a base of industrial experience that goes back to the 1970s. Today, there are operating C02 pipelines of up to 760 mm (30 inches) in diameter and 640 km (400 miles) in length (Fig. 6-6). 

Charles, R. N 2001. Geologic controls on effective cleat porosity variation in San Juan Basin Fruitland formation coalbed reservoirs. The International Coalbed Methane Symposium. The University of Alabama,... 

Gu Fagang 2009. Reservoir and Geomechanical Coupled Simulation of C02 Sequestration and Enhanced Coalbed Methane Recovery. University of Alberta. 

China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China and Key Laboratory of Coalbed Methane Resources and Reservoir Formation Process, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China... 

Quan, Fangkai et al. 2012. Reservoir damage mechanism and system optimization of in-situ coalbed methane drainage and production. China Coalbed Methane 9(4) 42-44. 

Play A productive coalbed methane formation or a productive oil or gas deposit a particular combination of trap, reservoir rock, and seal that has been shown by previously discovered fields to contain natural gas and oil. 

Most gas in coal is stored on the internal surfaces or organic matter. Because of its large internal surface area, coal stores 6-7 times more gas than the equivalent rock volmne of a conventional gas reservoir [1]. ( s content generally increases with coal rank, with depth of the coalbed, and with reservoir pressure. Fractures or cleats that permeate coalbeds are usually filled with water the deeper the coalbed, the less water is present, but the more saline it becomes. In order for gas to be released from the coal, its partial pressure must be reduced, and this is accomplished by removing water from the coal bed. Large amounts of water are produced from coalbed methane wells, especially in the early stages of production. While economic quantities of n thane can be produced, water disposal options that are environmentally acceptable and yet economically feasible become a concern. 

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