Citrus aurantium bitter orange

Acer nikoense (Aceraceae) aglycone from e/K-Rhododendrin Foeniculum mlgare, Pimpinella anisum (Apiaceae), Citrus aurantium (bitter orange), C. limon (lemon), C. paradisi (grapefruit), C. sinensis (orange) (Rutaceae) [fruit]... 

Key Words Citrus aurantium-, bitter orange synephrine ephedra substitute weight loss adrenergic amines. 

Stohs, S., H.G. Preuss, and M. Shara. 2012. A review of the human clinical studies involving Citrus aurantium (bitter orange) extracts and its primary protoalkaloid p-synephrine. Int.. Med. Sci. 9(7) 527-538. 

Citrus aurantium L., syn. Citrus amara Bitter orange oil Neroli oil, bitter Flower, pericarp, leaf, and... 

Orange Flower (Neroli) Oil. "The rose we call the queen of flowers, the jasmin the fairest and prettiest princess, but the orange flower is the most fragile and dainty of out royal family of flowers. If the rose stirs our memories, the jasmin our hopes, the orange flower stirs sentiments—sentiments most romantic " (14). Commercial neroh oil [8016-38 J is obtained by steam distillation of the freshly picked blossoms of the bitter orange Citrus aurantium L. subspecies amara, which is cultivated in Mediterranean countries as well as in Haiti and several other tropical countries. More than 125 components have been identified in the oil the principal ones are shown in Table 4 and Figure 1. 

Aegle marmelos Correa) and bitter orange Citrus aurantium), has also been demonstrated to possess potent antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects. 

Bitter orange oil is obtained by pressing fresh peel from the fruits of Citrus aurantium L. subsp. aurantium (Rutaceae). It is produced mainly in Mediterranean countries and is a pale yellow to yellowish-brown liquid with a slightly mandarinlike odor and a somewhat bitter aroma. 

Petitgrain oil Paraguay is obtained from an acclimatized variety of the bitter orange tree. Citrus aurantium L. subsp. aurantium, which is grown in Paraguay. It is pale yellow liquid with a characteristic, strong, pleasant odor, reminiscent of linalool and linalyl acetate. 

Bitter orange Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae) (+)-hmonene, geranial... 

Citrus aurantium (Christen.) Swingle var. amara Suan Cheng (Bitter orange) (unripe fruit) Synephrine, N-methyltyramine, flavones including tangeratin and nobiletin.33 Treat indigestion, relieve abdominal distension, ptosis of the anus or uterus. 

BERGAMOT OIL. An essential oil, Brownish-yellow to green liquid, agreeable odor, bitter taste, produced from the nnd of the fruit of Citrus aurantium or C. bergamia, relatives of the orange and lemon, The small trees are cultivated in southern Europe. The oil is expressed from the skin of the small yellow fruits and sometimes is used as a scent for cosmetics. The oil also is used sometimes as a clearing agent in the preparation of material for microscopic examination. 

This is obtained from the peel of the fruit of Citrus aurantium (var. dulcis) and is a golden-yellow liquid with an odour of oranges and a sweetish, aromatic taste. It contains limonene (about 90%), linalool, terpineol, nonyl alcohol, decyl aldehyde and esterified caprylic acid. If adulterated with bitter orange cal (q.v.), the latter is detectable by determinations of the sp. gr. at 15°, rotatory power and residue on evaporation (see Oil of Lemon) and by fractional distillation. 

Orange (bitter) Citrus aurantium ssp. dried peel from 0.5-2.5 amara (Rutaceae) fruit (expression)... 

Bitter orange Citrus aurantium var. Peel of fruit... 

The species Cit us aurantium produces different essential oils depending upon which part of the plant is used. Expression of the outer peel of the almost ripe citrus fruit produces the Bitter orange essential oil, steam distillation of leaves and twigs produces Petitgrain, while steam distillation of the freshly picked flower produces Neroli or orange blossom essential oil. 

Synonyms Orange Peel Oil, Bitter (Citrus aurantium L. subsp amara L.)... 

Orange Oil, Bitter, Coldpressed, occurs as a pale yellow or yellow-brown liquid with the characteristic aromatic odor of the Seville orange and an aromatic, somewhat bitter taste. It is the volatile oil obtained by expression, without the use of heat, from the fresh peel of the fruit of Citrus aurantium L. (Fam. Rutaceae). It is miscible with absolute alcohol and with an equal volume of glacial acetic acid. It is soluble in fixed... 

Properties Oil expressed from the peel of Citrus aurantium L. Osbeck (Fam. Rutaceae). Pale yellow to yellow-brown liquid characteristic orange odor and bitter taste. D 0.845-0.851, refr index 1.472 20°. Misc in abs ale, in 1 vol glacial acetic acid sol in fixed oils, mineral oil insol in glycerin. 

Neroli oil and orange flower absolute are obtained from the blossoms of the bitter orange tree, Citrus aurantium L., which is grown in France, Italy, and North Africa [642]. Neroli oil is produced by steam distillation and is a pale yellow to amber-colored liquid, with a slight blue fluorescence and a characteristic sweet, spicy-bitter odor of orange blossom. 

Petitgrain oil bigarade is derived from the bitter orange tree Citrus aurantium L., grown in France, Italy, Spain, and North Africa [642]. 

Bitter orange peel Citrus aurantium L. ssp. aurantium Rntaceae... 

Oil of Bitter Orange. Volatile oil expressed from fresh peel of Citrus aurantium L., Rutaceae. Constit About 90% (f-limonene citral, decyl aldehyde, methyl anthranilale, linalool. terpineol. 

Orange Peal, Bitter. Dried rind of unripe fruit of Citrus aurantium L, Rutaceae. Habit. N. India cultivated near Mediterranean Sea, Spain, W. Indies, Florida, Califor-nia, etc, Constit. Volatile oil, hesperidine, naringin, auran-(iamarin, acrid resin, gum, tannin. 

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