Oil Cinnamon

A Japanese cinnamon oil is obtaioed from various parts of the plant, CiltfuunomHm fjCiureini. kcni .vn locally as Nikkei. Tlie oil Irom Llie leaves of young shoots has the following cliaiacieis —... 

This sesquiterpene, or mixture of sesquiterpenes, is found to a considerable extent in nature, especially in clove oil, pimento oil, pepper oil, cinnamon oil, betel oil, copaiba oil, and numerous other essential oils. As isolated from these oils the sesquiterpene has the following characters —... 

Cinnamic aldehyde is a sweet, odorous liquid, resembling cinnamon oil, but without its delicacy of odour. It has the following constitution —... 

Semioxamazide.—A gravimetric method for the estimation of cinnamic-aldehyde in cassia and cinnamon oils, but which appears to apply only to this aldehyde, has been devised by Hanus based on the formation of a crystalline semioxamazone when cinnamic aldehyde is treated -with semioxamazide, the reaction being—... 

Cinnamaldehyde, the aromatic constituent of cinnamon oil, can be synthesized by a mixed aldol condensation. Show the starling materials you would use, and write the reaction. 

SELF-TEST 8.14B When 200. mg of linalool, a fragrant compound found in cinnamon oil from Sri Lanka, was added to 100. g of camphor, it lowered the freezing point of camphor by 0.51°C. What is the molar mass of linalool ... 

Clove oil Cinnamon oil Post-emergence Post-emergence Matran II... 

Flavouring agents— Flavouring agents e.g. peppermint, spearmint, menthol, cinnamon, oil of wintergreen (methyl salicylate) are used in conjunction with alcohol and humectants to overcome disagreeable taste. 

C9H10O, Mr 134.18, p2.7kPa H2°C, d 1.019, Up 1.5266, occurs in Sri Lanka cinnamon oil, among others. The aldehyde is a colorless liquid with a strong, flowery, slightly balsamic, heavy hyacinth-like odor. It tends to undergo self-condensation. 

Cinnamaldehyde is used in many compositions for creating spicy and oriental notes (e.g., soap perfumes). It is the main component of artificial cinnamon oil. In addition, it is an important intermediate in the synthesis of cinnamic alcohol and dihydrocinnamic alcohol. 

Cinnamon oil trans-Cinnamic aldehyde Flavours for confectionery products... 

Figure X-ray powder diagrams of crystalline beta-cyclodextrin-hydrate and the cinnamon oil beta-cyclodextrin complex.

Phenylalanine and tyrosine also give rise to many commercially significant natural products, including the tannins that inhibit oxidation in wines alkaloids such as morphine, which have potent physiological effects and the flavoring of cinnamon oil (Fig. 22-28b), nutmeg, cloves, vanilla, cayenne pepper, and other products. 

The odor of cinnamon oil is due to cinnamaldehyde, CgHgO. What is the hybridization of each carbon atom in cinnamaldehyde How many a bonds and how many it bonds does cinnamaldehyde have ... 

The determination of aldehydes and ketones is of importance in the analysis of those essential oils characterised especially by aldehydic or ketoruc principles, e g.,the citral contained in lemon and lemongrass oils, citronellal in citronella Oil and some eucalyptus oils, benzaldehyde in bitter almond oil, salicylaldehyde in meadow-sweet oil, anisaldehyde in aniseed and fennel oils, cuminaldehyde m cumin oil, cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon oil, carvone in caraway oil, pulegone in pennyroyal oil and methyl nonyl ketone in rue oil The determination of the aldehydes and ketones presents, however, difficulties and the above methods are moderately exact in only a few cases, especially when the content of aldehydes or ketones is considerable The bisulphite method is applicable particularly to the determination of cinnamaldehyde and benzaldehyde in cinnamon oil and bitter almond oil, and, up to a certain pomt, to that of citral in lemongrass Oil. The sulphite method gives good results in the same cases and for the determination of carvone and pulegone... 

The carbonyl number method gives moderately exact results for the determinations of benzaldehyde in bitter almond oil, of cuminaldehyde in cumin oil and of methyl nonyl ketone in rue oil. The method devised by Hanus gives, according to this author, good results for the amount of cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon oil. 

Cassia Cinnamomum cassia (Lauraceae) dried bark, or leaves and twigs 1-2 cinnamaldehyde (70-90) 2-methoxycinnamal-dehyde (12) flavour, carminative known as cinnamon oil in USA... 

Cinnamon is believed to have antispasmodic, carminative, orexigenic, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, refrigerant, and anthelmintic properties. It is used for anorexia, intestinal colic, infantile diarrhea, common cold, influenza, and specifically for flatulent colic and dyspepsia with nausea. Cinnamon bark is also an astringent, and cinnamon oil is reported to possess carminative and antiseptic properties. 

Similarly phenylpropyl aldehyde may be considered as the product of phenol and propyl aldehyde. However, phenylpropyl aldehyde is also frequently referred to as either hydro-, or dihydro-, cinnamic aldehyde, owing to the fact that it was originally made by the hydrogenation of cinnamic aldehyde, an unsaturated aldehyde so named after its original isolation from cinnamon oil. 

Aldehydes aid ketones often have pleasant odors. They are found as components of many perfumes and flavorings, both natural and artificial. For example, citral has a strong lemon odor and is found in lemon and orange oils, cinnamaldehyde has a strong cinnamon odor and is found in cinnamon oil, and vanillin is a major component of vanilla flavoring. Camphor, isolated from the camphor tree, is used in liniments and inhalants, and muscone, which has a musky aroma, is used in many perfumes. 

The chief constituents of leaf oil of cinnamon cassia from Yunnan province were cinnamaldehyde (64.1-68.3%), ( )-2-methoxy cinnamaldehyde (8.4-10.5%) and ( )-cinnamyl acetate (4.5-12.5%) (Li etal., 1998). The structures of the chief volatile components of cinnamon oil are shown in Fig. 7.1. 

Nephritis is an autoimmune disease caused by activation of the complement system. Cinnamon cortex and cinnamon oil inhibited complement formation in vitro. Cinncassiol C, and its glucoside, the cinncassiols C2 and C3 and cinncassiol D, and its glucoside were reported to possess anticomplementary activity. A water-soluble polysaccharide isolated from the cinnamon extract showed complement system activity (Tang and Eisenbrand, 1992). 2-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde and 2-benzyloxy cinnamaldehyde isolated from the stem bark of cinnamon possessed immunomodulatory effects (Koh et al., 1999). 

Cinnamon oil and extracts possess various antimicrobial activities against several bacteria, fungi, etc. Aqueous extract from cinnamon (C. zeylanicum, Blume) inhibited the replication of the influenza virus (Mancini et al., 1999). Oral administration of t-cinnamaldehyde and Omethoxycinnamaldehyde inhibited candidiasis at a MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) value of 0.03-0.05 mg/ml. 

Cinnamon oil exhibited fumigant toxicity to adults of Acanthoscelides oblectus and inhibited its reproduction through ovicidal and larvicidal action. Both cinnamaldehyde and cinnamyl alcohol showed ovicidal and larvicidal activity (Roger and Hamraoui, 1994). Cinnamaldehyde possessed antifeedant activity against Ceratitis capitata, a pest causing damage to fruit crops (Moretti et al., 1998). 

Cinnamon oil possessed strong nematicidal activity against the male, female and juveniles of pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Park et al., 2005). Cinnamyl acetate, the active ingredient in the oil, at a concentration of 32.81 pg/1 resulted in 50% mortality of nematodes. 

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