Cinnabaric acid

Mercury (Quicksilver, Hydrargyrum), Hg, at wt 200.61, silvery liq, mp —38.87°, bp 356.9°, d 13.546g/cc at 20°. Insol in w, HC1, ale and eth sol In nitric acid. Sometimes found native poisonous. Can be prepd by heating the ore cinnabar (HgS) either in air or with lime. Forms numerous salts, some of which are very expl, eg, Hg fulminate, Hg azide, etc. The presence of Hg in expls, even in minute quants, is unde-sireable because it affects the result of thermal stability tests. Marshall (Ref 1) describes various tests used in Engl and Ger for its detection in different expls and propints Refs 1) Marshall 2, 708-12(1917) 2) Mellor... 

C21-0078. The only important ore of mercury is cinnabar, HgS. In contrast, zinc is found in several ores, including sulfides, carbonates, silicates, and oxides. Explain these observations in terms of hard and soft acids and bases. 

Cinnabar is a red crystalline or powdery substance hexagonal crystal system refractive index 2.854 density 8.10 g/cm sublimes at 583.5°C color changes to brown at 250°C and converts to black sulfide at 386°C reverts to red color on cooling insoluble in water, alcohol and nitric acid soluble in aqua regia and solutions of alkali metal sulfides decomposed by hot concentrated sulfuric acid. 

Vinegar and Pyroligneous Acid. Vinegar (acetic acid) is mentioned several times in the Bible, as, for example, in Proverbs 10, 26 As vinegar to tire teeth and as smoke to the eyes, so is the sluggard to them that send him. It was known to Theophrastus three centuries before the birth of Christ, and was used in tire manufacture of white lead and verdigris and in extracting mercury from cinnabar (I). 

Mercury, for example, could be dissolved in acid or converted to a calx, and from either the mercury could be obtained again in metallic form. It could be combined with mineral sulphur to make cinnabar (mercuric sulfide), a more convenient form for transportation than the heavy liquid metal. To get the metallic mercury back, the artificial cinnabar was heated with lime thirteen and half ounces of mercury can be obtained from a pound of artificial cinnabar. Lemery speaks of the cause of this disguise of Mercury in Cinnabar... 

Cinnabar then is nothing but a mixture of Acid spirits and Mercury together thus if you mix it with some Alkali, and drive it upwards by fire, the Acids. .. must leave the Bodies they were joined to before, for... 

To separate mercury from sulphur, it is necessary to seek among our elements a material which has more affinity with the sulphureous acid than mercury has lime is such a species, as it will detach the acid from the mercury by its alkali salt, but as the alkali salt is there in small quantity, it requires three parts of chalk for one of cinnabar, if one operates with tartar or another alkali salt, only equal parts are required. 

On the other hand, the contrast between the elusive etherial nature of the air and the growing sense of reality of the more material bodies, the salts, acids, alkalies, metals, cinnabar, saltpeter, and other specific items, must have made it easy to neglect air as a chemical ingredient. 

Prepare 9-12 ml of aqua regia. In what volume ratio do hydrochloric and nitric acids have to be mixed to prepare it Put small amounts of cinnabar (mercury sulphide) into two porcelain bowls, pour the freshly prepared aqua regia solution over one portion carefully , and concentrated nitric acid over the other. Put both bowls on a sand bath and heat them. What happens Write the equations of the reactions. 

Prepared by either method, this compound appears as a black, tasteless, inodorous powder, which is insoluble in water, in liydroohloric, and dilute nitric acids. By heat it is resolved into meroury, and the red sulphide of the metal—cinnabar. Its chemical composition is—... 

Hydrogen sulphide is present in many mineral springs, and even free sulphur is occasionally found therein.2 Many metallic sulphides, for example, iron pyrites, galena, zinc blende, stibnitc and cinnabar, occur abundantly. Sulphur dioxide, sulphites, sulphuric acid and sulphates are also found in nature, more especially in waters springing from volcanic earth, whilst the sulphates of certain metals such as calcium, barium and magnesium exist in large deposits. 

Mercury(II) sulfide, HgS, is dimorphic. Metacinnabarite, a rare mineral, is obtained by precipitation from aqueous acidified mercury(II) chloride by H2S.351 It crystallizes in the zinc blende structure in which HgK forms tetrahedral bonds (Hg—S = 253pm) it is stable above 400 °C.352 The more common form, cinnabar, is obtained from the elements or by passing H2S into mercury(II) acetate in hot glacial acetic acid containing NH4SCN.351 It crystallizes in the space group P 3221 and consists of infinite —Hg—S—Hg—S— chains spirally wound on axes... 

A little of the substance is treated with hot dilute hydrochloric add any insoluble residue remaining may contain especially barium sulphate or free sulphur, and sometimes cinnabar, arsenic sulphide, etc. If the hydrochloric acid solution is coloured, chrome yellow may be present and is easily identified. The solution gives a yellow precipitate with hydrogen sulphide if the filtrate is rendered turbid by addition of ammonia and ammonium sulphide, zinc is present. 

Cement, laboratory, 189 Cerium amalgam, 15 Cesium, metallic, 79 Chloroamine, 59 Chlorides, anhydrous, 28, 29 of silicon, 42 Chloroplumbic acid, 48 Chromi-oxalates, 37 Chromous acetate, 122 Chromous chloride, 124, 125 solution, 124 tetrahydrate, 126 trihydrate, 126 Cinnabar, 20 Cobalti-oxalates, 37... 

The presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in arctiid moths that had been reared on Senecio and Crotalaria species has been established by Rothschild et al.4S These alkaloids are stored in the moths, and serve as a deterrent to vertebrate predators and as precursors for insect sex pheromones. A pyrrolizidine alkaloid metabolite from the Cinnabar moth (Tyria jacobaea L.), named callimorphine, has been shown to have the structure (49) on the basis of mass-spectral and degradative evidence.46 The structure (49) was confirmed by synthesis of callimorphine and a diastereo-isomer by treatment of 9-chlororetronecine with the sodium salt of ( )-2-acetoxy-2-methylbutanoic acid. 

Ammonium auribromide, NH4AuBr4, is produced by the action of ammonia on the acid, and forms bluish-black crystals of fat-like lustre. The anhydrous rubidium and caesium salts give prisms of metallic lustre, the colour of the first being cinnabar-red, and of the second deep black.11... 

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