Cigarette smoke, carcinogenicity

Benzo(a)pyrene (found in cigarette smoke) Carcinogen Metabolic oxidation Benzo(a)pyrene- hydroquinone Highly carcinogenic... 

Certain compounds of this type are potent carcinogens. One of the most dangerous is benzo[a]pyrene, which has been detected in cigarette smoke. It is believed to be a cause of lung cancer, to which smokers are susceptible. 

Perocco, P., Paolini, M. Mazzullo, M. Biagi, GL., and Cantelli-Forti, G. 1999. Beta-carotene as enhancer of cell transforming activity of powerful carcinogens and cigarette-smoke condensate on BALB/c 3T3 cells in vitro. Mutat Res 440 83-90. 

Cross,F.T., Palmer,R.F., Busch,R.H., Filipy,R.E., Dagle,G.E. and B.O. Stuart, Carcinogenic Effects of Radon Daughters, Uranium Ore Dust and Cigarette Smoke in Beagle Dogs, Health Phys. 42 33 (1982). 

Cigarette smoking is responsible for about 80% of lung cancer cases. Other risk factors include exposure to respiratory carcinogens (e.g., asbestos, benzene), genetic risk factors, and history of other lung diseases (e.g., tuberculosis, pulmonary fibrosis). 

It is also useful to compare the bioactivation of aminobiphenyl and sulfamethoxazole. Aminobiphenyl is a carcinogen found in cigarette smoke. Its bioactivation is similar to that of N-acctylaminolluorcnc in which the first step is oxidation to form a hydroxylamine. The... 

Methods were described for HPLC determination of the mutagenic and carcinogenic a-carbolines (56,57), y-carbolines (58,59)155 160, and other products of amino acid pyrolysis found in cigarette smoke, diesel exhaust and cooked foods and phenazines (60, 61) present as impurities of certain pesticides161. These compounds were also determined in human plasma, urine and bile161,162. 

Think how many carcinogens are household names asbestos, cigarette smoke (a mixture of several thousand chemical compounds), DES, dioxin, saccharin, arsenic, PCBs, radon, EDB, Alar. Hundreds more of these substances, some very obscure, are known to the scientific and medical community, and many of these are scattered throughout the land at thousands of hazardous waste sites similar to Love Canal. People are exposed to these dreadful substances through the air they breathe, the water they drink and bathe in, and the foods they eat. Chemicals can also produce many other types of health damage, some very serious, such as birth defects and damage to our nervous and immune systems. 

Cigarette smoke contains a minute amount of polonium, along with many other carcinogenic chemicals, many of which can cause lung cancer. Over one hundred trace elements and compounds have been identified in cigarette smoke besides polonium. Some examples are nicotine, cresol, carbon monoxide, pyridine, and the carcinogenic compound benzopyrene. 

Cadmium (Cd) Lung, emphysema, kidney, calcium metabolism, possible lung carcinogen Shellfish, cigarette smoke, taken up by plants, metal alloy - welding... 

Cadmium Metal - naturally occurring - used in steel and plastics, batteries, cigarette smoke - lung carcinogen... 

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