Metabolism calcium

Several different types of investigations have shown that lactose promotes the utilization of calcium and phosphorus. For example in chicks given a milk-grain rachitogenic diet containing 40% lactose, the lactose had a favorable effect on calcium utilization and it aided in preventing rickets (44). This effect has been repeatedly demonstrated in connection 

The significance of lactose in nutrition has been extensively reviewed 

This jS-D-glucopyranoside, unlike lactose, is not used in practical feeding, but it is of some interest. The disaccharide is derived from cellulose by partial acid hydrolysis or by the action of cellulase (p. 664). Experimental rats utilize it as completely as glucose (. 7). This indicates that cellobiose is hydrolyzed to D-glucose, but apparently little if anything has been reported on the nature of the enzyme of higher animals that catalyzes the reaction. 

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A. W. Norman, K. Schaefer, D. V. Herrath, and H. G. Grigoleit, eds.. Vitamin D Chemical, Biochemical, and Clinical Endocrinology of Calcium Metabolism,... 

A. W. Norman and co-eds.. Vitamin D Biochemical, Chemical and ClinicalMspects Related to Calcium Metabolism Proceedings of the Third Workshop on Vitamin D, Asilomar, Pacific Grove, Calif., Jan. 1977, Walter de Gmyter, Berlin, 1977, p. 15. 

One of the triumphs of the science of nutrition is the careful investigation that linked childhood rickets with vitamin D deficiency. This work, which led to methods for treating the disease, is too familiar to need repetition. A direct consequence of these efforts was the elucidation of the pivotal role played by vitamin D in calcium metabolism, as well as the structural studies that revealed that this compound (102) is in fact a steroid derivative. The past... 

In addition to its classical role as regulator of calcium homeostasis, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (calcitriol) displays immunosuppressive properties. Inhibition of T-lymphocyte proliferation seems to be mediated via regulation of CD80/86 costimulatory molecule expression on APCs. For clinical use as immunosuppressant, however, analogues of vitamin D3 that do not influence calcium metabolism are needed. 

Use calcium metabolism regulator (treatment of Paget s disease, hypercalcemia of malignancy)... 

Harris, R.S., Moor, J.R. and Wanner, R.L. 1961 Calcium metabolism of the normal rhesus monkey. Journal of Clinical Investigation 40 1766-1774. 

KRUGER M c and HORROBiN D F (1997) Calcium metabolism, osteoporosis and essential fatty acids a review. Prog Lipid Res 36, 131-51. 

The delicate balance maintained by these factors is altered in patients with cancer by two principal mechanisms tumor production of humoral factors that alter calcium metabolism (humoral hypercalcemia) and local osteolytic activity from bone metastases.27 Humoral hypercalcemia causes around 80% of all hypercalcemia cases and is mediated primarily by systemic secretion of parathyroid hormone-related protein... 

A number of dietary and nondietary variables have been proposed as risk factors for osteoporosis. Among dietary factors, the relation between caffeine intake and bone health has been studied extensively. Although proof that caffeine adversely affects calcium metabolism and is detrimen-... 

No effect on calcium metabolism in women consuming 800 mg calcium/ d. 

Reported that only coffee among caffeine sources was the significant predictor of hip fracture, although no association between caffeine intake and forearm fracture found. No association between bone density and caffeine intake, although caffeine was found to have significant negative effect on calcium metabolism. 

Hasling, C., Sondergaard, K., Charles, P., Mosekilde, L., Calcium metabolism in postmenopausal osteoporotic women is determined by dietary calcium and coffee intake, Journal of Nutrition, 122, 1119, 1992. 

Smith, S., Swain, J., Brown, E. M., Wyshak, G., Albright, T., Ravnikar, V. A., Schiff, I., A preliminary report of the short-term effect of carbonated beverage consumption on calcium metabolism in normal women, Archives of Internal Medicine, 149, 2517, 1989. 

Long GJ, Rosen JF. 1994. Lead perturbs 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 modulation of intracellular calcium metabolism in clonal rat osteoblastic (ros 17/2.8) cells. Life Sci 54(19) 1395-1402. 

Four small parathyroid glands are embedded on the posterior surface of the thyroid gland as it wraps around the trachea. Parathyroid hormone (PTH, parathormone) is the principal regulator of calcium metabolism. Its overall effects include ... 

Lin P-H, Ginty F, Appel L, Aickin M, Bohannon A, Gamero P, Barcaly D and Svetkey L. 2003. The DASH diet and sodium reduction improve markers of bone turnover and calcium metabolism in adults. 

In addition to the well-known iron effects on peroxidative processes, there are also other mechanisms of iron-initiated free radical damage, one of them, the effect of iron ions on calcium metabolism. It has been shown that an increase in free cytosolic calcium may affect cellular redox balance. Stoyanovsky and Cederbaum [174] showed that in the presence of NADPH or ascorbic acid iron ions induced calcium release from liver microsomes. Calcium release occurred only under aerobic conditions and was inhibited by antioxidants Trolox C, glutathione, and ascorbate. It was suggested that the activation of calcium releasing channels by the redox cycling of iron ions may be an important factor in the stimulation of various hepatic disorders in humans with iron overload. 

Disrupted calcium metabolism (29). Increased sensitivity to cold stress, elevated tissue residues of 50-60 mg Mo/kg DW (23, 24)... 

Disrupted calcium metabolism, elevated 10 mg/L drinking water 30-32... 

Li J, Sarosi I, Yan XQ, Morony S, Capparelli C, Tan HL, McCabe S, Elliott R, Scully S, Van G, Kaufman S, Juan SC, Sim Y, Tarpley J, Martin L, Christensen K, McCabe J, Kostenuik P, Hsu H, Fletcher F, Dunstan CR, Lacey DL, Boyle WJ (2000) RANK is the intrinsic hematopoietic cell surface receptor that controls osteoclastogenesis and regulation of bone mass and calcium metabolism. Proc Nad Acad Sci USA 97 1566-1571... 

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