Chronic chemical skin injuries

Chronic Chemical Skin Injuries and HEXAFLUORINE Solution. . 136... 

Chronic Chemical Skin Injuries Cumulative Irritation... 

While thermal bums can be classified according to appearance and depth into 1st, 2nd (superficial or deep), and 3rd degree, chemical lesions cannot be absolutely classified in the same fashion. In effect, the mechanisms of the lesions are radically different, such that a description based on specific treatment cannot be applied. While a simple initial modification of the skin color is described in thermal bums as first or superficial second degree, the same discoloration in chemical skin injuries can become extremely serious or even fatal (e.g., with hydrofluoric acid) after several hours. Recall that chemical accidents frequently produce chronic... 

Chemical plant workers chronically exposed to 6-12 ppm developed headache, vertigo, nervousness, sleeplessness, nausea, and vomiting. Similar symptoms have occurred in workers repeatedly exposed to 125 ppm in some cases, lower abdominal or back discomfort with urinary frequency was observed without associated evidence of liver or kidney damage. Serious liver and kidney injury has been reported after oral administration of 1.8-2.5ml of pyridine daily for 2 months in the treatment of epilepsy. Skin irritation may result from prolonged or repeated contact with the chemical. 

SLE is a chronic autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by inflammation and injury to the joints, tendons, and other connective tissues. Organs affected include the lungs, heart, blood vessels, brain, kidneys, and skin. SLE onset is associated with exposure to silica. Though earlier studies have suggested that organic solvent exposure can also be causative for SLE, more recent studies have refuted thisJ2,3,9 No literature references were found associating SLE onset with exposures to chemical mixtures. 

Medical impact of chemical weapons Exposure to mustards is associated with development of chronic health problems including chronic neurophathic pain [14] increased susceptibility to cancers [15-21] possible defective spermatogenesis [22] ocular injury [23-29] skin lesions [30-34] and respiratory disease [35-45]. During our war with Iraq, reports from Iranian combat aid stations, field hospitals in battle zones and reports by civil authorities, where non-combatants had endured chemical warfare (CW) exposure, more then 100,000 military and civilian personnel had received treatment for acute effects of CW agents [46]. 

Wounds are defined as skin defects caused by chemical, mechanical, electrical, or thermal injuries, or by the presence of an underlying medical or physiological disorder. Wound dressings are materials used to cover the wounds. Many types of wounds occur in everyday life, such as mechanical injuries like abrasions, lacerations, acute bullet wounds, knife cuts, bites, and surgical wounds, and various types of bums caused by thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiational injuries. Other types of wounds such as chronic ulcerative wounds, pressure sores, and leg ulcers occur more commonly among elderly people. 

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