Chromatography laboratories

One of the most commonly used detection systems in a gas chromatography laboratory is the electron capture detector. The first paper [25] to be published demonstrating the use of an electron capture detector with supercritical fluid chromatography showed that with supercritical fluid chromatography sensitivity to about 50pg minimum detection limit on column was obtainable. 

P. Stepnowski, K.-H. Blotevogel and B. Jastorff, Applied water-free recovery of methanol. A sustainable solution for chromatography laboratories. Environ. Sci. Poll. Res. 9 (2002) 34—38. 

The authors would like to thank Petrobras for permission to publish this paper and the technicians from the catalyst preparation, catalyst evaluation, and gas chromatography laboratories at CENPES and Professor Sedran s group at INCAPE/ CONICET-EIQ/UNL, Santa Ee, Argentina for their contributions. 

The large computer system will not be discussed further. The volume of relevant technical information necessary to evaluate such systems is totally outside the scope of the chromatography laboratory. The professional analyst and his management are best referred to computing professionals for assistance. 

ECONOMICS. Usually, the prime economic reason for buying an electronic integration system for a chromatography laboratory is to reduce operating costs. These reductions may be realized by both manpower or instrument savings immediately or over a long term. 

Once the shipping solvent is washed out of the column, it is important to determine whether the column survived shipping and to determine its running conditions. Most good chromatography laboratories have established a quality control test for newly purchased columns. A stable test mixture of known running characteristics has been prepared and stored to test new columns. 

Ruiz, R. and Ehrman, T. (1996), Determination of Carbohydrates in Biomass by High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Laboratory Analytical Procedure No. LAP-002, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO. 

In determining pesticides in water by electron capture gas chromatography, laboratory sources of contamination are a major problem. The principal sources of this contamination are described and illustrated in this section. 

In the past years, LC-MS has definitively come out of the mass spectrometry specialist s laboratory to find its place in marty chromatography laboratories. Small-molecule application areas in environmental, food safety, and clinical analysis are the clearest and most striking examples of this. Obviously, the huge impact of LC-MS in pharmaceutical drag discovery and development continued. At the same... 

Strategy for an Industrial Preparative Chromatography Laboratory 145 4.3.3 Criteria for Choosing RP Systems 150... 

Rasmussen, R. A. Progress Report, Gas Chromatography Laboratory, Monsanto, Co., St. Louis, Missouri, 1961. 

LC-MS should be considered as a hybrid technique, in which the features of both LC and MS are optimally used to get the best possible result. Optimum separation conditions in terms of mobile-phase composition and stationary phase for a ultraviolet (UV) detector may widely differ from the separation conditions ideally suiting the mass spectrometer. Unlike in the early days of LC-MS, performing LC-MS in most laboratories is no longer the task of specialized mass spectrometrists. The technique is entering the chromatography laboratory as well. And in many instances separate LC-MS laboratories are set up, where specialists from the two disciplines work together to get the best results. 

LC-MS is applied in many other fields as well, e.g., in the study of natural products, such as in the dereplication of flavonoids and several other compound classes in plant material and the identification and quantification of natural toxins, of endogenous compounds like acylcamitines and arachidonic acid metabolites, and DNA adducts. LC-MS has become a routinely applicable technique. It is rapidly entering the chromatography laboratories to act as an LC detector in a variety of analyses. As such, LC-MS is appreciated for its sensitivity and selectivity, its specificity, and the information obtained, e.g., on the molecular mass of the analyte. The operation of an LC-MS system is no longer reserved to the MS specialist. 

Chromatography Laboratory, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Carlos, Brazil... 

Cristiane Masetto de Gaitani / Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences ofRibeirdo Preto, University ofSdo Paulo, Ribeirdo Preto, Brazil M. de Moraes / Chromatography Laboratory, University ofSdo Paulo, Sdo Carlos, Brazil... 

Analytical TLC Preparative layer chromatography (laboratory scale) Preparative column chromatography (laboratory scale)... 

In any laboratory, TLC can be carried out in principle with a relatively small outlay. The size and equipment of a chromatography laboratory varies with the individual demands and problems, the number of chromatograms prepared daily and the number of the compound classes investigated (see Special Section). 

The most successful hyphenated method continues to be GC/MS, generally with El ionization, but particularly the inductively coupled plasma MS (ICPMS) has become a successful detector as well. In the form of benchtop instruments, this combination is found in the chromatography laboratory rather than in mass spectrometry laboratories. Instruments such as mass selective detectors and ion traps are dedicated devices for gas chromatography and have developed into robust, dependable instruments with high detection power and selectivity. With modem computerized instruments and the extensive storage capabilities of data systems, series of spectra can be acquired rapidly, and elaborate data extraction procedures have been devised for the identification of important spectra with relevant data. 

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