Data elaboration

Fig. 5 Comparison of the behaviour of Ti02 nanorods with that of Ti02 P25 (Degussa) in the photocatalytic inactivation of E. coli. Data elaborated from those reported by Hyeon et al. ss... 

As many other industries, the fine chemical industry is characterized by strong pressures to decrease the time-to-market. New methods for the early screening of chemical reaction kinetics are needed (Heinzle and Hungerbiihler, 1997). Based on the data elaborated, the digital simulation of the chemical reactors is possible. The design of optimal feeding profiles to maximize predefined profit functions and the related assessment of critical reactor behavior is thus possible, as seen in the simulation examples RUN and SELCONT. 

With regard to comprehensive LC data elaboration, the acquired data is commonly elaborated with dedicated software that constructs a matrix with rows corresponding to the duration of the second-dimension analysis and data columns covering all successive second-dimension chromatograms. The result is a bidimensional contour plot, where each component is represented as an ellipse-shaped peak, defined by double-axis retention time coordinates. When creating a 3D chromatogram, a third axis by means of relative intensity is added. The colour and dimension of each peak is related to the quantity of each compound present in the sample. Figure 4.9 illustrates an example of data elaboration in comprehensive LC. 

FIGURE 4.9 Data elaboration in comprehensive chromatography. (Reprinted from Dalluge, J. et ah, J. Chromatogr. A, 1000, 69, 2003. Copyright 2003. With permission from Elsevier.)... 

TABLE 3.6 Compositions of Tuscany Vin Santo (data elaborated from Bucelli ef al, 1998 and Stella et al, 1998)... 

TABLE 3.9 Volatiles compounds in inoculated Vin Santo wine (data elaborated from Berti, 2007)... 

In order to properly characterize the brownfield site, before choosing the specific remediation approach, an Expert Committee was nominated by the Government to coordinate and check the remediation activities. This Committee planned the following activities two monitoring phases, which included waste and soil sampling, groundwater sampling, chemical analyses, map compilation for the pollutant elements, data elaboration and interpretation, asbestos characterization and remediation, and a preliminary operative remediation plan. 

Experimental methods and data elaboration of the calorimetric, volumetric, and spectroscopic experiments have been reported (5, 15). In the phase equilibrium... 

Note Although the terms statistical process control (SPC) and statistical quality control (SQC) are often used interchangeably, there are various differences between these terms. SQC is a broader concept including descriptive statistical methods, acceptance sampling, and SPC as commonly adopted tools. Ishikawa (Ishikawa 1976) points out that statistical process control and statistical quality control use the same set of tools to control respectively the input of a process (independent variables) and the output of the process (dependent variables). Other SPC/ SQC advocates further elaborate this concept by differentiating these terms according to the type of data elaborated by the tools SPC is based on process signal data analysis, while SQC is based on product feature-related data. 

Data Elaboration Determination of the Time Lag and Steady State Permeability... 

Figure 143 Trade-off of Robeson s plot for different CS applications. Data elaborated from [30]...

Table 13.11 lists, in summary form, some of the studies relevant to likely mechanisms of Pb cardiovascular toxicity. The studies are from the more recent literature and are not meant to be exhaustive. Most but not all of the data elaborating likely mechanisms arise from experimental animal models. 

OS Monitoring activity has been supported by System Tap [H] with which a set of probes have been defined as two kernel modules. Due to the nature of kernel modules, the amount and the types of operations comprises in the modules affect performance and stability of system, thus, by common non-blocking IPC mechanisms, the data elaboration was moved outside the kernel modules as a user space application. 

Table 9.9. Permeability vs. radiation dose for Am(III) transport across the SLM used (data elaborated from Ansari et al., 2007).

Moreover, the combination of T) and T, (T), ) is carried out by means of a weighted sum. This approach is justified by the fact that the model should be kept relatively simple and directly understandable by the operative personnel. In fact, operators would possibly trust more the risk prediction of a model they can understand than a black-box model based on complex data elaboration. However, this choice should be demonstrated by appropriate on-field tests. 

Figure 3 illustrates the nucleation activity of isotactic polypropylene, as a function of crystallization temperature. Bicerano [39], using literature data, elaborated some equations to obtain a general theoretical estimate of the density of the nucleation, p, in iPP crystallized from the glass state and from the melt. He also showed that p decreased rapidly with increasing Jc. 

A preliminary study performed on one normal volunteer (Fig. 7) demonstrated the applicability of the proposed method "in vivo". However, in practice this scanning procedure and data elaboration would need to be completely automatic and in this respect microcomputerization of the system is at present under study in our laboratory. 

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