Drag discovery

While recombinant systems have greatly improved the drag discovery process, pathological phenotypes still are a step away from these drag testing systems. 

Because of the previously cited, system-independent measures of drag activity (namely, affinity and efficacy) must be measured in drag discovery. 

Drews, J. (2000). Drag discovery A historical perspective. Science 287 1960-1964. 

Pommier, Y., and Cherfils, J. (2005). Interfacial inhibition of macromolecular interactions Nature s paradigm for drag discovery. Trend. Pharmacol. Sci. 26 138—145. 

Morphy, R., and Rankovic, Z. (2005). Designed multiple ligands An emerging drag discovery paradigm. J. Med. Chem. 48 6523-6543. 

Berton O, Nestler EJ (2006) New approaches to antidepressant drag discovery beyond monoamines. Nat Rev Neurosci 7 137-151... 

Fejzo J, Lepre CA, Peng JW et al (1999) The SHAPES strategy an NMR-based approach for lead generation in drag discovery. Chem Biol 6(10) 755-769... 

Mannhold R, Berellini G, Carosati E, Benedetti P (2005) In Craciani G (ed) Molecular interaction fields in drag discovery (Methods and Principles in Medicinal Chemistry), vol 27. Wiley, Weinheim, Germany, p 173... 

Terricabras E, Benjamim C, Godessart N. Drag discovery and chemokine receptor antagonists eppur si muove Autoimmun Rev 2004 3(7-8) 550-556. 

Metabolite biosynthesis has demonstrated its utility in drug metabolite preparation and characterization, and contributed to drag discovery and development. Although metabolite biosynthesis is a prerequisite step for metabolite structure elucidation in many cases, it is complementary to chemical synthesis in large-scale metabolite preparations. The merits for using these techniques should be determined on a case-by-case fashion. New techniques, such as recombinant enzyme and microbial glucuronidation systems, would have a great impact on the field. 

Van Lanen, S.G. and Shen, B. (2006) Progress in combinatorial biosynthesis for drug discovery. Drag Discovery Today Technologies, 3, 285. 

From the detail shown above, it is easy to see why drag discovery and development is such a costly process. One drag in every 5000-10000 entering preclinical studies makes it to the clinic. A recent estimate put the cost of bringing one drag to market as US 500 million [75], and up to 70% of that cost is associated with compound failures in these studies. DiMasi et al. have suggested that reductions... 

Figure 3.2 The basic steps of the rational drag discovery process.

In the present report we are reviewing some aspects of structural bioinformatics, some of its essential components, and their proper and efficient utilization on drag discovery process to foster the speed. 

Figure 3.4 is showing the modem drag discovery approaches using combined approaches of in silico and in vitro sequentially. 

Baker JT, Borris RP, Carte B, Cordell GA, Soejarto DD, Cragg GM, Gupta MP, Iwu MM, Madulid DR, Tyler VE. (1995) Natural products drag discovery and development New perspectives on international collaboration. J Nat Prod 5 1325-1357. 

Harvey AL. (1999) Medicines from nature Are natural products still relevant to drag discovery Trends Pharmacol Sci 20 196-198. 

Patwardhan B, Vaidya ADB, Chorghade M. (2004) Ayurveda and natural products drag discovery. Curr Sci 86 789-799. 

Active learning with support vector machines in the drag discovery process. J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci. 43, 667-673. 

Nassar, A. E., Bjorge, S. M., and Lee, D. Y. (2003). On-line liquid chromatography-accurate radioisotope counting coupled with a radioactivity detector and mass spectrometer for metabolite identification in drag discovery and development. Anal. Chem. 75 785-790. 

Henry CM. New wrinkles in drag discovery In Baum RM, Chemical and Engineering News. Washington, DC American Chemical Society, 2004 37M-2. 

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