Swi / Snf chromatin-remodeling complex

Mahmoudi T, Parra M, Vries RG, Kauder SE, Verrijzer CP, Ott M, Verdin E (2006) The SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex is a cofactor for Tat transactivation of the HIV promoter. J Biol... 

Treand C, du Chene I, Bres V, Kieman R, Benarous R, Benkirane M, Emdiani S (2006) Requirement for SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex in Tat-mediated activation of the HIV-1 promoter. EMBO J 25(8) 1690-1699... 

Smith, C.L., Horowitz-Scherer, R., Flanagan, J.F., Woodcock, C.L., and Peterson, C.L. (2003) Structural analysis of the yeast SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. Nat. Struct. Biol. 10, 141-145. 

Wallberg, A.E., Neely, K.E., Hassan, A.H., Gustafsson, J.A., Workman, J.L., and Wright, A.P. (2000) Recruitment of the SWI-SNF chromatin remodeling complex as a mechanism of gene activation by the glucocorticoid receptor taul activation domain. Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 2004-2013. 

Sarnowski, T.J., Swiezewski, S., Pawlikowska, K., Kaczanowski, S., and Jerzmanowski, A. (2002) AtSWBB, an Arabidopsis homolog of SWI3, a core subunit of yeast Swi/Snf chromatin remodeling complex, interacts with FCA, a regulator of flowering time. Nucleic Acids Res. 30, 3412-3421. 

The myogenic program driven by MRFs depends on the Swi/Snf chromatin-remodeling complex, which makes target genes accessible. 

Mutations affecting the Swi/Snf chromatin-remodeling complex, which participates in transcriptional control, are associated with a variety of tumors. In some cases, interaction of the Swi/Snf complex with a nuclear tumor-suppressor protein may have a repressing effect on gene expression. 

SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling factors constitute another type of co-activator. These multisubunit complexes can transiently dissociate DNA from histone cores in an ATP-dependent reaction and may also decondense regions of chromatin, thereby promoting the binding of DNA-binding proteins needed for initiation to occur at some promoters. 

In addition to a potential role of HMGB proteins in nucleosome assembly, it has recently become apparent that many chromatin remodeling complexes either contain, or can associate with, a polypeptide containing an HMG-box homologous to the HMGBl B domain (Table 2). Examples of such complexes include the BAF (a mammalian SWI/SNF related complex [106]) and the Drosophila BRM (brahma)... 

Cairns, B.R., Erdjument-Bromage, H., Tempst, P., Winston, F., and Kornberg, R.D. (1998) Two actin-related proteins are shared functional components of the chromatin-remodeling complexes RSC and SWI/SNF. Mol. Cell 2, 639-651. 

Kadam, S. and Emerson, B.M. (2003) Transcriptional specificity of human SWI/SNF BRGl and BRM chromatin remodeling complexes. Mol. Cell 11, 377-389. 

Armstrong, J.A., Bicker, J.J., and Emerson, B.M. (1998) A SWI/SNF-related chromatin remodeling complex, E-RCl, is required for tissue-specific transcriptional regulation by EKLF in vitro. Cell 95, 93-104. 

With chromatin-remodeling complexes Involved in so many cases of transcriptional control. It Is expected that Swi/Snf and similar complexes will be linked to many cancers. In humans, for example, mutations In Brgl, which encodes the Swi/Snf catalytic subunit, have been found in prostate, lung, and breast tumors. Components of the Swi/Snf complex also have been found to associate with BRCAl, a nuclear protein that helps suppress human breast cancer. BRCA-1 Is Involved In the repair of double-strand DNA breaks (discussed In the final section of this chapter) and In transcriptional control, so the Swi/Snf complex may assist BRCA-1 In these functions. 

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