Chloropicrin, Liquid

Compound Name Phosphorus, Red Phosphorus, White Phosphorus Oxychloride Phosphorus Oxychloride Calcium Phosphide Phthalic Anhydride Isophthalic Acid Phthalic Anhydride Benzyl N-Butyl Phthalate Di-N-Amyl Phthalate Dibutyl Phthalate Diethyl Phthalate Diheptyl Phthalate Diiscoecyl Phthalate Di-N-Amyl Phthalate Diootyl Phthalate Diiscoedyl Phthalate Phthalic Anhydride Chloropicrin, Liquid Cyclohexanone Piperazine Piperazine Nitralin... 

CHLOROPICRIN, LIQUID Trtdoronitro-methane, Nitrochloroform, Picfume, Nitrotrichloro-methane Poisonous, Class B, I 4 (1 3 ... 

SYNS ACQUINITE CHLOORPIKRINE (DUTCH) Q CHLOR-O-PIC CHLOROPICRIN, liquid (DOT) CHLOROPICRIN, ABSORBED (DOT) ... 

Chloropicrin, Liquid Allyl Chloride Allyl Chloride Epichlorohydrin... 

Trichlorosilane Chloropicrin, Liquid Vanadium Oxytrichloride Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate (TDI) Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate (TDI) Cresyl Glycidyl Ether Cresyl Glycidyl Ether P-Toluenesulfonic Acid Toxaphene Chloroane Maleic Acid Maleic Anhydride Oil Transformer... 

CHLOROPICRIN. LIQUID TrtcltfQttRr nMttan , NRreeMmfem, PkDiaM, NKrolrieiilerO BMtfwM PotsoBoua, Ctasi B, 1 4 0 3 ... 

Chloropicrin, Liquid — Rre Hazards Flash Point (deg. F) Not flammable Flammable Limits in Air (%) Not flammable Fire Extinguishing Agents Recommended to cool containers that are exposed to fires with water Fire Extinguishing Agents Not To Be Used Not pertinent Special Hazards of Combustion Products Not pertinent Behavior in Fire TTiis chemical forms a powerful tear gas when heated. Heated material may detonate under fire conditions Ignition Temperature (deg. F) Not pertinent Electrical Hazard Not pertinent Burning Rate Not... 

Storage stability Instability occurs with high temperatures or severe shock, particularly when involving containers of greater than 30 gal capacity unstable liquid. Liquid chloropicrin will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings. 

Wear face shields (8 in. minimum) or dust- and splash-proof safety goggles to prevent any possibility of skin contact with liquid chloropicrin. 

Liquid mixture of 38.4% Chloropicrin (C10-A006), 23% Chloroacetophenone (C13-A008), and 38.4% Chloroform. Historically, the odor of this mixture has been compared to flypaper. 

Chloropicrin (PS)—trichloronitromethane, CCl3N02 Green Cross, Klop—Is a colorless, volatile, slightly oily liquid with an Intense odor (see Table 4-1). It is very slightly soluble in water, soluble in ether, and miscible with benzene, absolute alcohol, and carbon disulfide.10It boils at about 112°C. 

A solution of sodium ethoxide is prepared under nitrogen from 70 g. (3.04 gram atoms) of sodium and 2-1. of absolute ethanol (Note 1) in a 3-1. three-necked flask which is equipped with mechanical stirrer, efficient reflux condenser, dropping funnel, and a thermometer which dips below the level of the liquid in the flask. Chloropicrin (100 g., 0.61 mole) (Note 2) is placed in the dropping funnel, and the stirred solution is heated to 58-60° with a water bath. The chloropicrin is added at a rate of 30-35 drops per minute until the reaction becomes self-sustaining (about 20 minutes), at which point the water bath is removed and the balance of the chloropicrin is added at a rate sufficient to maintain the temperature at 58-60° (Note 3). When the addition, which requires nearly 2 hours, is complete, the stirrer is stopped and the mixture is allowed to stand overnight. 

E. Peligot said that after being melted, the peroxide requires a much lower temp, for its solidification, for at —16° the compound remains liquid, and J. Fritzsche said that it can be re-solidified only at —30° because a little nitric acid has been formed, and this also accounts for the turbidity of the cooling liquid. For the fusion curve with nitric oxide, vide supra, nitrogen trioxide. P. Pascal studied the f.p. of binary systems of nitrogen peroxide with bromoform, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, bromobenzene, methyl iodide, chloropicrin, and camphor. 

Practically all methods which have been proposed for the preparation of guanidine salts involve either ammonation or ammonolysis of some derivative of carbonic acid. Phosgene,1 chloropicrin,2 and esters of orthocarbonic acid2 react with aqueous ammonia to give small yields of guanidine. The hydrochloride is obtained when carbon tetrachloride3 is acted upon by liquid ammonia under pressure. Urea4 is partially ammonolyzed in the presence of ammonium chloride. 

Liquid. Bromine, chloropicrin, dichloroethyl sulphide (mustard gas), etc. 

In the liquid state phosgene dissolves various substances, as, for example, chlorine in the following proportions at o°C., 6-63% at — 15° C , 20-5%, as well as several of the war gases, such as dichloroethyl sulphide, chloropicrin, diphenylchloroarsine, etc. 

Chloropicrin in the pure state is a slightly oily, colourless, refractive liquid with a characteristic odour. The crude product is yellow due to impurities. 

In practice this determination is carried out by adding to a weighed quantity of the chloropicrin in a small flask fitted with a condenser, an excess of an aqueous-alcoholic solution of sodium sulphite, prepared by dissolving 10 gm. sodium sulphite in 250 ml. water and diluting with an equal volume of ethyl alcohol. The liquid in the flask is then carefully heated so as to distil off all but about 10 ml. This is then diluted with water to 100 ml. and 10 ml. of nitric acid and an excess of a standardised solution of silver nitrate are added. The solution is then warmed to drive off the nitrous gases and to coagulate the silver chloride, and then cooled and the excess silver nitrate titrated with a solution of ammonium thiocyanate (ferric alum indicator). 

Chlorine is applied as chlorine gas, powdered calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)2), or liquid sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl bleach). Chlorine reacts with the organic (natural organic matter, NOM) or inorganic (bromide ion, Br ) precursors in the water to form chlorine disinfection by-products (CBPs), including trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), haloketones, chloral hydrate, and chloropicrin. Humic and fulvic acids are the predominant NOMs. When bromine exists, the chlorine oxidizes it to hypobromous acid/ hypobromite ion (HOBr/OBr ) to form bromo THMs (bromodichloromethane, BDCM, and di-bromochloromethane, DBCM), HAAs, and HANs. 

Properties Colorless liquid chloropicrin-like odor. Bp 101C (23 mm Hg). Darkens on long storage and decomposes with evolution of hydrogen chloride. 

Properties Colorless crystals or dark-brown liquid that slowly becomes semisolid. D 1.363 (40C) (solid), or 1.356 (45C) (liquid), bp 333C (in C02 atm), mp 41C. Decomposed by water (slowly). Soluble in carbon tetrachloride, chloropicrin, phenyldichlo-roarsine almost insoluble in water. 

Physical Properties Chloropicrin is a colorless oil, bp of 112°C, and mp of 69°C, with apungent, stinging odor that has been described as anise-like. Its vapor pressure is approximately 20 mm/Hg at 20°C, and its molecular mass is 164 (Redeman et al., 1948). This liquid has a density of 1.66 g/mL and a vapor density of 5.6 relative to that of air. PS has low solubility in water (approximately 2 g/L), but is quite soluble in typical organic solvents (chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, etc.). Chloropicrin dissolves a variety of organic compounds including, for example, benzoic acid and various resins. 

Camite, CA, BBC. Used by French in solution in chloropicrin, also used by USA. Very effective war gas great persistence and lachrymatory power. Yellowish-white crystals, turn pink as they decompose. Technical product oily brown liquid, bp 242°C vapour pressure at 20°C 0.012 mmHg. Difficult to break down attacks metals but not glass. Very irritant minimal effective concentration 0.2 mg/m3 insupportable from 5 mg/m3. Said to be the most powerful lachrymator used in WWI about as potent as chloroacetophenone. Last lachrymator introduced in WWI 1918. Very persistent in soil. 

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