Chlorambucil for

G., MacSween, R.N.M, Jones, A. Randomized trial of chlorambucil for primary biliary cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1986 91 1327-1334... 

An 80-year-old woman with a small B cell extranodal lymphoma was initially given chlorambucil for 10 months, with complete remission for 2 years. When she developed recurrent lymph node sweUing she was given ibritumomab tiuxetan, with near-complete remission. When she developed progressive disease 14 months later, she received cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone for one cycle. She had persistent pancytopenia, and a bone marrow biopsy showed extensive infiltration by acnte myelogenons lenkemia. 

Mudun BA, Ergen A, Ipcioglu SU, et al. Short-term chlorambucil for relractory uveitis in Bebjet s disease. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2001 9(4) 219-229. 

Two patients who were treated for nodular lymphomas with chlorambucil for periods of 4 and 7 years respectively and had an excellent response, but who both terminated their clinical course with acute myelogenous leukaemia, are noted (82). It is pointed out that the spontaneous incidence of acute myelogenous leukaemia is estimated at l.S per 100,000 per year. 

Chlorambucil - there is no problem with the quantitation ion (at m/z 254), although the second ion proves to be a little difficult. While the ion at m/z 303 is the obvious choice, this is not very intense and therefore for samples containing small amounts of analyte the precision of measurement of this ion will be reduced and it may not be detectable at all levels at which the quantitation ion is observed. We could possibly consider the (M- -2) ion, as the combination o/m/z 254 (high mass, and therefore reasonable specificity), the presence of one chlorine, and the chromatographic retention time could be considered sufficient for definitive identification in those cases in which the intensity o/m/z 303 is insufficient. 

The most commonly used dose for fludarabine is 20 mg/m2 intravenously daily for 5 consecutive days, whereas chlorambucil can be taken daily as an oral tablet with the dose ranging from 4 to 10 mg/day.21 Fludarabine is associated with more toxicities than chlorambucil, including myelosuppression and prolonged immunosuppression.19 Resulting infectious complications may occur during the periods of prolonged immunosuppression. The ease of administration and limited side effects make chlorambucil a practical option for symptomatic elderly patients who require palliative therapy... 

Many drugs have been conjugated to antibodies or their fragments, including daunomycin [113], cyclosporine [114], platinum [115], chlorambucil [116], and vindesine [117], When choosing a drug for this type of... 

Most warn of the increased risk of deformities of limb development and defects like cleft palate. A few drugs carry the risk of distinct organ defects. For example, chlorambucil may cause agenesis of the fetal kidneys Penicillamine seems to affect fetal connective tissue, causing relaxation of the skin, hypotonia, and hyper flexion of the hips and shoulders... 

A. Bielawska, K. Bielawski, K. Chrzanowski, S. Wolczynski, Prolinase-Activated Prodrug for Cancer Chemotherapy. Cytotoxic Activity of Proline Analogue of Chlorambucil in Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells , Farmaco 2000, 55, 736-741. 

Campath was given accelerated approval on the basis of response rate. The pivotal trial was a study in 93 pahents who had been previously treated with an alkylating agent and whose disease had progressed on treatment with fludarabine. The FDA requested a follow-up sfudy for full approval of Campafh by randomizing patients between Campath and chlorambucil (Leukeran) as front-line therapy This trial is ongoing. Thus, Campath has had a convenhonal development approach. 

Alkyl halides, alkyl sulfonates and other alkylating agents have also been subject to scmtiny in spheres other than pharmaceuticals, such as in environmental analysis. Various approaches have included two-step SPE, derivatisation with trifluoroacetic anhydride followed by GC/MS (for cyclophosphamide and its analogues in sewage water) SPE on surface water to isolate the antineoplastic agents carmustine, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide and melphalan for LC-UV and LC-fluorescence measurements and derivatisation of alkyl halides and epoxides with 4-nitrothiophenol followed by HPLC-UV detection (claimed to be better than NBP derivatisation). A patent exists for a field test kit for mustard gases in military use based on NBP derivatisation. 

Chlorambucil is well adsorbed when administered orally. It is used for chronic lymphatic leukemia and for multiple myelomas. Synonyms of this drug are leukeran, amboclorin, and others. 

Cytotoxic agents which are used both for the treatment of cancer as for their immunosuppressive activity include cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, chlorambucil, vincristine, vinblastine and dactinomycin. 

Chlorambucil is used primarily as daily palliative therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Walden-stroom s macroglobulinemia, myeloma, and other lymphomas. 

Chlorambucil (LEUKERAN) 0.1-0.2 mg/kg daily for 3-6 weeks then 2 mg daily for maintenance... 

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