Cytotoxic agents

C. It is a cytotoxic agent used in the treatment of neoplastic disease, e.g. breast cancer. 

Cytotec [59122-46-2] Cytotoxic agents Cytox 3522 Cytox3711 Cytox 3810 Cytoxan... 

Clinically, GM-CSF or G-CSF have been used to accelerate recovery after chemotherapy and total body or extended field irradiation, situations that cause neutropenia and decreased platelets, and possibly lead to fatal septic infection or diffuse hemorrhage, respectively. G-CSF and GM-CSF reproducibly decrease the period of granulocytopenia, the number of infectious episodes, and the length of hospitalization in such patients (152), although it is not clear that dose escalation of the cytotoxic agent and increased cure rate can be rehably achieved. One aspect of the effects of G-CSF and GM-CSF is that these agents can activate mature cells to function more efficiently. This may, however, also lead to the production of cytokines, such as TNF- a, that have some toxic side effects. In general, both cytokines are reasonably well tolerated. The side effect profile of G-CSF is more favorable than that of GM-CSF. Medullary bone pain is the only common toxicity. 

In addition to the Vinca alkaloids and taxol, a limited number of other cytotoxic agents have been demonstrated to act at the level of tubulin. This... 

Mucopolysaccharide levels are increased in many cancer cells this increase is accompanied by a decreased vascular supply. Hyaluronidase [9001-54-17, obtained from bovine testis, dissolves the mucopolysaccharides surrounding a tumor, thereby allowing cytotoxic agents to penetrate the neoplasm with enhanced faciUty. In clinical studies hyaluronidase was given to patients with malignant tumors, alone or in combination with 5- uorouracil [51-21-8], significant decreases in tumormass were observed (55). 

Interestingly, all these monoclonal antibodies have a poor antitumor activity when used as single agents, with overall response rates of about 10%. Thereby, these monoclonal antibodies have all been approved in combination with classical cytotoxic agents or radiation therapy. 

There are a number of reasons for expecting multi-targeted cancer therapy to be superior to targeted cancer therapy focused on a single target or to classical, nonselective cytotoxic agents. 

Cytotoxic Agents Cytotoxic T-cells Danaparoid (Heparinoid)... 

Utilizing an alternate mode of Diels-Alder reactivity, Harman has examined the cycloaddition reactions of 4,5-T -Os(II)pentaammine-3-vinylpyrrole complexes with suitably activated dienophiles <96JA7117>. For instance, cycloaddition of the p-vinylpyrrole complex 58 with 4-cyclopentene-l,3-dione, followed by DDQ oxidation affords 59, possessing the fused-ring indole skeleton of the marine cytotoxic agent, herbindole B. 

D. (1985b). 5-Fluoroorotate A new liposome-dependent cytotoxic agent, FEBS Lett., 187, 73-75. 

Doria, F. Richter, S.N. Nadai, M. Colloredo-Melz, S. Mella,M. Palumbo, M. Freccero, M. BINOL-amino acid conjugates as triggerable carriers of DNA-targeted potent photo-cytotoxic agents. J. Med. Chem. 2007, 50, 6570-6579. 

I ande Woude In ischaemic kidneys there is induction of HGF effects. When cytotoxic agents are used it protects. 

In regard to the antineoplastic potential, most of the evidence that has emerged from the last 30 years supports the fact that Euphorbiaceae represent a vast reservoir of cytotoxic agents, and one may reasonably expect the isolation of original anticancer agents from this family if enough work is done. A remarkable advance in the study of anticancer principles from Euphorbiaceae has been provided by Wada et al. (34). 

HU is an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, a rate-limiting enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of ribonucleotides into deoxyribonucleotides. HU is thus a cytotoxic agent as it has the ability to inhibit DNA synthesis. Consequently, H U can affect only cells that are actively synthesizing DNA and, therefore, a drug of S-phase cell-cycle specific. Moreover, HU-mediated inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase is reversible, implying that the action of HU will exhibit a relatively straight forward concentration-time course dependence [2—4-]. 

Halomon in preclinical evaluation as a cytotoxic agent against certain tumor cell types. 

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