Chemisches Journal

Jourrud de physique, de chimie, d histoire naturelle, et des arts Acta Academiae Scientarium Imperialis Petropolitanae (+ No. 26) Chemisches Journal fiir die Freunde der Naturlehre (+ No. 24) Almanach fur Scheidekunstler und Apotheker Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Neuesten Endeckungen in der Chemie Chemisches Archiv (+ No. 48)... 

Since the appearance of the Chemisches Journal in 1778, the German chemical literature has represented a sizable segment of the literature of chemistry as a whole. Chemisches Zentralblatt, the earliest of the abstract lournals, was widened in scope in 1949 to cover the chemical literature of the world. Aside from language difficulties, a search of German chemical literature involves no essential change in methods employed for search of any other area of chemical literature. 

The first exclusively chemical periodical was started in 1778 and was edited by Lorenz von Crell. This was the Chemisches Journal fur die Freunde der Naturlehre. It survived until 1781. In 1784 it resumed publication under the name of Chemische Annalen fur die Freunde der Naturlehre. The Kresge-Hooker Library is one of the few libraries in the country holding original copies of this set. 

German chemical literature entered the picture almost a century later. In 1778 appeared a new publication devoted solely to chemistry this was the Chemisches Journal which in 1784 changed its title to CrelVs Chemische Annalen, The nineteenth century saw the rise of the journals published by the chemical societies, with the trend from journals devoted to science in general to periodicals dealing with chemistry in general, then to publications covering specific branches of chemistry, and eventually to journals devoted to specific industries and their various aspects. 

Lorenz Crell, Vorrede, Chemisches Journal 1778, 9-20, on 12. In 1781 the journal was renamed Die neuesten Entdeckungen in der Chemie, and in 1784 it was renamed again to Chemische Annalen fiir die Freunde der Naturlehre, Arzneygelahrtheit, Haushaltungskunst und Manufakturen. For a more detailed analysis of Crell s journal see Hufbauer, German Chemical Community, 62-95. 

Soon after, the first journals that dealt solely with chemistry appeared. The Chemisches Journal, in 1778, by Lorenz von Crell was founded to encourage German chemistry, followed by the Annales de Chimie, in 1789 in France. The Annales de Chimie is the first journal to promote a program, since it only published chemistry in the then-new nomenclature. As late as 1800 Joseph Priestley published his Doctrine of Phlogiston Established in the United States, but from 1789 on, there was no longer any reference to phlogiston in the Annales de Chimie. Only things cast in Lavoisier s new theoretical scheme and nomenclature appeared there. 

The first scientific journals were general in nature and covered all subjects. Similarly, the first chemical journal Crells Chemisches Journal founded in 1778 dealt with all aspects of chemistry, but as time went on divisions appeared into pure and applied chemistry, and then into special aspects such as analytical, organic and physical chemistry. Eventually, journals appeared dealing with individual industries. This process occurred in all the main scientific countries so that today there is at least one periodical in each country which covers each phase of chemistry. 

Although CA and Referativnyi Zhurnal, Khimya are currently the only chemical abstracting publications that cover the entire field of chemistry, there were a number of earlier abstracting publications now defiinct. The most important are Chemisches Zentralblatt and British Abstracts. These publications are still valuable because they began before CA and can therefore supply abstracts for papers that appeared before 1907. Furthermore, even for papers published after 1907, Zentralblatt and British Abstracts are often more detailed. Zentralblatt was published, under various names, from 1830 to 1969. British Abstracts was a separate publication from 1926 to 1953, but earher abstracts from this source are available in the Journal of the Chemical Society from 1871 to 1925. 

The review journal Fortschritte der Chemische Forschung has devoted two recent issues to organometallic topics. Volume 16, parts 3 and 4 surveys organometallic compounds in industry, and volume 25 is concerned with catalysis. Articles from these two compilations are listed in the Appendix. 

Permissions granted by the following journals and publishers are gratefully acknowledged Academic Press, Inc., Annual Reviews, Inc., Canadian Journal of Research, Chemische Berichte, Die Makromoleku-lare Chemie, India Rubber World, Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Interscience Publishers, Inc., Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal of Applied Physics, Journal of Chemical Physics, Journal of the Chemical Society (London), Journal of Colloid Science, Journal of Polymer Science, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Transactions of the Faraday Society, Williams and Wilkins Company, and Zeitschrift fur physikalische Chemie. 

The indexing of organic compounds described since 1922 has been taken over by the Chemisches Zentralblatt, which follows the system hitherto discussed. The collective indexes of this journal for 1922 to 1924,1925 to 1929, and 1930 to 1934 continue the classifying work of M. M. Richter. In these indexes the references are to the Zentralblatt itself. Each year of the Zentralblatt, from 1925 onwards, contains a formula index covering the annual increment of literature abstracted in this comprehensively planned journal. These formula indexes are amalgamated every few years into a collective index and individually they constitute the reference works for the period which has elapsed since the appearance of the last collective index. Consequently, when it is desired to have complete information from the whole literature about an organic substance, the following works must be consulted at the present day ... 

This injunction holds also for those who wish to make the best use of the references to the Chemisches Zentralblatt. From the abstracts in the latter the student must likewise turn to the original papers, and look up the journal mentioned at the end of the abstract. 

The journals include articles or reports on papers from others (notably French or German) Chem. Z. Blatt Chemisches Zentral-Blatt (abstract journal summarizing international publications)... 

Additional abstract sources are Chemisches Zentralblatt, Analytical Abstracts, and the Bibliography Section of the Journal of Chromatography. As pointed out previously, any research journal may have an article in which GC was used. In this case, the researcher should go to the journal for the specific area and/or topic, for example. Analytical Biochemistry, Food Technology, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal of the American Oil Chemist s Society, Clinical Chemistry, Journal of Chemical Physics. 

In 1786 he undertook a grand tour of Denmark, Germany, Holland, England, and Ireland. In Germany he met Lorenz Crell (1744-1816), the editor of the journal Chemische Annalen. They became friends, and it was in Crell s journal that many of Gadolin s research papers were eventually published in an international forum. In Ireland Gadolin worked with the Irish... 

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