Chemically modified field-effect transistors

The silver(I) complexes with the tetrakis(methylthio)tetrathiafulvalene ligand have been reported, the nitrate salt presents a 3D structure with an unprecedented 4.16-net porous inorganic layer of silver nitrate,1160 the triflate salt presents a two interwoven polymeric chain structure.1161 The latter behaves as a semiconductor when doped with iodine. With a similar ligand, 2,5-bis-(5,5,-bis(methylthio)-l,3,-dithiol-2 -ylidene)-l,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene, a 3D supramolecular network is constructed via coordination bonds and S"-S contacts. The iodine-doped compound is highly conductive.1162 (Methylthio)methyl-substituted calix[4]arenes have been used as silver-selective chemically modified field effect transistors and as potential extractants for Ag1.1163,1164... 

Cobben, P., Egberink, R. J. M., Bomer, J. G., Bergveld, P., Verboom, W., Reinhoudt, D. N., Transduction of selective recognition of heavy-metal ions by chemically modified field-effect transistors (chemfets). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 10573-10582. 

In this chapter our work is described that deals with the development of chemically modified Field Effect Transistors (CHEMFETs) that are able to transduce chemical information from an aqueous solution directly into electronic signals. The emphasis of this part of our work will be on the materials that are required for the attachment of synthetic receptor molecules to the gate oxide surface of the Field Effect Transistor. In addition the integration of all individual components into one defined chemical system will be described. Finally, several examples of cation selective sensors that have resulted from our work will be presented. 

The first example of chemically modified field-effect transistors (CHEMFETs) was reported by Janata et al. [15] in 1978 for ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) in which the gate oxide was covered with a PVC membrane containing... 

ABSTRACT. Synthetic receptor molecules derived from calix[4]arenes have been used in different technological applications. The use of various functionalized calix[4]arenes in selective membrane transport through supported liquid membranes, selective cation detection with chemically modified field effect transistors, as preorganized donor-7c-acceptor systems in non linear optics and in the development of monolayers with receptor headgroups is discussed. 

Calix[4]arenes in selective ion detection with chemically modified field effect transistors (CHEMFETs)... 

D. N. Reinhoudt, J.EJ. Engbersen, Z. Brzdzka, H.H. Van den Vlekkert, G.W.N Honing, H.A.J. Holterman, Development of durable K-i-selective chemically modified field effect transistors with functionalized polysiloane membranes. Anal Chem, 66, 3618-3623, 1994. 

A new type of flow cell has been developed for detection of heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions, based on the flow injection method The cell contains two chemically modified field effect transistors (CHEMFETs) of which one is selective for the supporting electrolyte ion (in this case a 0 1 M potassium ion solution) and the other is selective for the heavy metal ion to be detected (Cd ", Pb " ) The differential signal of the reference electrode CHEMFET and the heavy metal ion CHEMFET in the flow cell system which has been presently developed will be evaluated for miniaturization and further integration in a micro total analysis system... 

Z Brzozka, B Lammennk, D N Remhoudt, E Ghidim, and R Ungaro, Transduction of selective recogmtion by preorgamzed lonophores, K+ selectivity of the different l,3-diethoxycalix[4]arene crown ether conformers, J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 (1993) 1037-1040 J A J Brumnk, J R Haak, J G Bomer, D N Remhoudt, M A McKervey, and S J Hams, Chemically modified field-effect transistors, a sodium ion selective sensor based on calix[4]arene receptor molecules, Chm Acta, 254 (1991) 75-80... 

P L H M Cobben, R J M Egbennk, J G Bomer, P Bergveld, W Verboom, and D N Remhoudt, chemically modified field effect transistors (CHEMFETs), J Am Chem Soc (1992) 10573-10582... 

Antonisse MMG, Snellink-Ruel BHM, Engbersen JFJ, Reinhoudt DN (1998) Chemically modified field effect transistors with nitrite or fluoride selectivity. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 773-777... 

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