Chemical weapons of mass destruction

Schmaltz, F. (2006). Neurosciences and research on chemical weapons of mass destruction in Nazi Germany. J. Hist. Neurosci. 15(3) 186-209. 

Bozeman, WP, Dilbero, D, Schauben, JL. Biologic and Chemical Weapons of Mass Destruction. Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America, 20 975-993, 2002... 

An early preparedness of appropriate medical facilities for incidents involving chemical weapons of mass destruction may appear to be an effective direction towards countering the threat from terrorists. A useful starting point is therefore to attempt to develop a decision support system to be employed in the regions where CW destruction plants are under construction. 

Both OPs and CMs are synthesized compounds. Within each class, the chemicals have some similarities and some differences, Because of the differences, these compounds produce varying degrees of cholmcrgic and nonchoitnergic effect.s, and as a result, they have different applications, Although the majority of these chemicals are used as pesticides, some are used as chemical weapons of mass destruction. In addition, many of these compounds are used as therapeutic drugs in liuman and veterinary medicine. It is expected that in the future many more new OPs and CMs will be synthesized and novel applicatioti-s will be discovered. 

Schmaltz, E, Neurosciences and Research on Chemical Weapons of Mass Destruction in Nazi Gennzay, Journal of the History of Neurosciences, 15 (2006a), pp. 186-209. 

Chemical Weapons of Mass Destruction and Terrorism A Threat Analysis... 

CHEMICAL WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION AND TERRORISM A THREAT ANALYSIS... 

There continnes to be public concern about the possibility of their being used in future. When Saddam Hussein was in power in Iraq, there was evidence that a chemical weapon of this type was used against Kurdish villagers. Subsequently, it was widely believed that these were among the weapons of mass destruction held by Saddam Hnssein s regime weapons that failed to materialize after the invasion of Iraq in 2003. Since these events, there has been concern that weapons of this type may be in the possession of rogne states— or individual terror groups. 

Ellison earned a master of science in chemistry from the University of California, Irvine. His graduate research involved methods to synthesize poisons extracted from Colombian poison dart frogs. He has a bachelor of science in chemistry from the Georgia Institute of Technology. He is a member of the American Chemical Society and Federation of American Scientists. In addition to his works on weapons of mass destruction, he is the author of a chapter on the hazardous properties of materials in the sixth edition of the Handbook on Hazardous Materials Management, a textbook published in 2002 by the Institute of Hazardous Materials Management. 

A couple of costs are involved in having the FTIR system, number one is the initial price the initial price of the system is about 55,000. That includes a tone key system, the lap top computer, all of the software needed to operate the system, and all of the libraries that I described weapons of mass destruction, toxic industrial chemicals, common chemicals, white powders, drugs, drug precursors, and explosives, ft comes with a carrying case that protects the system in transport, ft comes with a battery pack. There is also a one-year warranty which includes access to the Web site, access to the 247 Reach Back, and then a twenty-four-hour response if your system goes down. We ll have a system to you within... 

U.S. civilian populations who may be contaminated by nuclear, biological, or chemical (NBC) agents. In a worst case terrorist, criminal, or accidental event, the CBIRF provides a standing, highly trained consequence management force tailored for short notice response to civilian victims of NBC materials or weapons of mass destruction. 

Chemical and biological weapons (CBW) have long been called the poor man s atomic bomb, but they are actually weapons of mass destruction that once could be afforded only by a few powerful and industrialized nations however, during the twenty-first century, a proliferation of technology has now made them readily available to second and third rate powers, as well as terrorists and one man or woman acting alone... 

The deadly terrorist bombings of July 7, 2005 in London again demonstrated that even sophisticated terrorists capable of planning and executing multiple, coordinated attacks continue to rely on traditional weapons rather than risk the technical and political uncertainty of chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) weapons. While terrorists have the motivations and capabilities to conduct large (and small) attacks worldwide, we have not yet witnessed the use of so called weapons of mass destruction (WMD) foreshadowed by the 1995 Sarin attacks in... 

Bolton s opinion was bolstered in June 2005 by Senator Richard Lu-gar s survey of 85 non-proliferation and national security analysts from the United States and other nations. It was designed in part to characterize the risks related to the terrorist use of CBRN. The survey revealed that experts believe the probability of an attack somewhere in the world with a CBRN weapon was 50% over the next five years and 70% over the next ten. An attack with a radiological weapon was seen as the most probable with the likelihood of an attack with a nuclear or biological weapon considered about half as plausible [37]. The average probability of a nuclear attack in the next ten years was nearly 30%, with experts almost evenly divided between terrorist acquisitions of a working nuclear weapon versus self-construction [37]. The average risk estimate over ten years for major chemical and biological attacks was 20%. Senator Lu-gar concluded The bottom line is this for the foreseeable future, the United States and other nations will face an existential threat from the intersection of terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. ... 

Weapon of mass destruction Weapon that has the potential of inflicting a mass number of casualties. While the phrase has been used historically to refer to nuclear weapons, it also includes weapons that distribute chemical and/or biological agents. 

While the guidance provided in this book is designed to minimize exposure to weapons of mass destruction, it will not eliminate the possibility for exposure. For this reason, it is important to understand the general characteristics of nuclear, chemical, and biological agents, the symptoms of exposure, and potential treatment options. For additional details on chemical structure, chemical characteristics, pathology, and field behavior, see References 1 through 3. 

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