Chemical biological mass spectrometry

GC/MS has been employed by Demeter et al. (1978) to quantitatively detect low-ppb levels of a- and P-endosulfan in human serum, urine, and liver. This technique could not separate a- and P-isomers, and limited sensitivity confined its use to toxicological analysis following exposures to high levels of endosulfan. More recently, Le Bel and Williams (1986) and Williams et al. (1988) employed GC/MS to confirm qualitatively the presence of a-endosulfan in adipose tissue previously analyzed quantitatively by GC/ECD. These studies indicate that GC/MS is not as sensitive as GC/ECD. Mariani et al. (1995) have used GC in conjunction with negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry to determine alpha- and beta-endosulfan in plasma and brain samples with limits of detection reported to be 5 ppb in each matrix. Details of commonly used analytical methods for several types of biological media are presented in Table 6-1. 

Nagy K, PoUreisz F, Takats Z, Veky K. 2004. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry of aldehydes in biological matrices. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 18 2473. 

Simpson JT, Torok DS, Girard JE, Markey SP. 1996. Analysis of amino acids in biological fluids by pentafluorobenzyl chloroformate derivatization and detection by electron capture negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Biochem 233 58. 

Watson DC, Midgeley JM, Chen RN, Fluang W, Bain CM, et al. 1990. Analysis ofbiogenic amines and their metabolites in biological tissues and fluids by gas-chromatographynegative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry (GC-NICIMS). J Pharm Biomed Anal 8 899. 

Gilbert, J.D., Hand, E.L., Yuan, A.S., Olah, TV. and Covey T.R. (1992) Determination of L-365,260, a new cholecystokinin receptor (CCK-B) antagonist, in plasma by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass sectrometry Biological Mass Spectrometry, 21 (2), 63-68. 

Stan, H. J., and Scheutwinkel-Reich, M. (1980). Detection of hydroxy fatty acids in biological samples using capillary gas chromatography in combination with positive and negative chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. Lipids 15, 1044-1050. 

S.-A.A. Fredriksson, L.-G. Hammarstrom, L. Henriksson and H.-A.A. Lakso, Trace determination of alkyl methylphosphonic acids in environmental and biological samples using gas chromatography/negative-ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry, J. Mass Spectrom., 30, 1133-1143 (1995). 

CBMS The chemical biological mass spectrometer (CBMS) uses infrared pyrolyzer followed by tandem mass spectrometry/ The CBMS was originally intended for the next-generation BIDS. It is being evaluated as a joint chemical/ biological agent water monitor. 

C Prakash, A Adedoyin, GR Wilkinson, LA Blair. Enantiospecific quantification of hexobarbital and its metabolites in biological fluids by gas chromatography/elec-tron capture negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry. Biol Mass Spectrom 20 559, 199F... 

Nakajima M, Yamato S. et al. Determination of dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate in biological samples by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry using [7,7,16,16-2H4]-dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate as an internal standard. Biomed Chromatogr 1998 12(4) 211-216. 

Figure 2.15. Block diagram of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source. (Reproduced from C. Dass, Principles and Practice of Biological Mass Spectrometry, Wiley-Inter-science, 2001.)...

Cotte-Rodriguez, I., Mulligan, C.C., Cooks, R.G. (2007) Non-proximate Detection of Small and Large Molecules by Desorption Electrospray Ionization and Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry Instrumentation and Applications in Forensics, Chemistry, and Biology. Anal. Chem. 79 7069-7077. 

Yu-Chie Chen received her education from the National Sun Yat-Sen University (MSc) and Montana State University (PhD). She is Professor of Chemistry at the National Chiao Tung University. Her research interests include biological mass spectrometry, nanomedicine, and nanotechnology. She is the co-inventor of several ionization techniques for mass spectrometry (SAUDI, UASI, C-API, PI-ESI), which are useful in the monitoring of chemical reactions. 

Gas Chromatography-Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Cocaine and Its Metabolites in Biological Fluids J, Anal. Toxicol. 4(l) 37-42 (1980) ... 

Quantitative Analysis of Methadone in Biological Fluids Using Deuterium-Labeled Methadone and GLC-Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry... 

Determination of Phenformin in Biological Fluids Using Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry Biomed. Mass Spectrom. l(5) 320-322 (1974) CA 85 137070x... 

The Use of Solid Probe Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromatography-Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry in Quantitation of Drugs in Biological Fluids. Determination of Tolbutamide and Its... 

Simultaneous Analysis of Phenobarb-ital and p-Hydroxyphenobarbital in Biological Fluids by GLC-Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry J. Pharm. Sci. 69(10) 1218-1219 (1980) CA 93 215180q... 

Quantitative Determination of 6-Keto Prostaglandin in Biological Fluids by Capillary Gas Chromatography-Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry J. Chromatogr. 221(2) 361-366 (1980) CA 94 152848m... 

ViLMOS Kertesz Organic and Biological Mass Spectrometry Group, Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA Walter A. Korfmacher Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Merck Research Laboratories, Kenilworth, NJ, USA Jane-Marie Kowalski Bruker Daltonics, Inc., Billerica, MA, USA Paul J. Kowalski Bruker Daltonics, Inc., Billerica, MA, USA Kristen S. Kulp Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA... 

Those are, for instance, known as active chemical ionization mass spectrometry (ACIMS) for atmospheric trace-gas measurements in the chemosphere, proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PRT-MS), selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS), ion-molectrle reaction mass spectrometry (IMR-MS), ion attachment mass spectrometry (lAMS), and ion mobility spectroscopy (IMS). Those have now become part of the exterrsive resources of experimental techniques dedicated to all the scientific fields, especially such as fundamentals of gas-phase ion kinetics and thermochentistry, physical organic chemistry, atmospheric chemistry, interstellar chemistry, plasma, and combustion chemistry, radiation chemistry, analytical chemistry, and irltimately even medicine and biology. 

Organic Mass Spectrometry started in 1968, specializing in organic chemical applications of mass spectrometry. Biomedical Mass Spectrometry (later changing to Biomedical and Environmental Mass Spectrometry, then to Biological Mass Spectrometry) started in 1986 as a companion journal specializing in the biomedical and environmental application areas, as the title implies. These two journals combined in 1995 to become JMS. 

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