Cell death Apoptosis and Necrosis

Cell Death Apoptosis and Necrosis Chemical Tools to Dissect the Apoptotic Pathways The Apoptosome and Caspase Activation, Chemistry of DNA Damage... 

Chen Q,Ames BN (1994) Senescence-like growth-arrest induced by hydrogen peroxide in human diploid fibroblast F65 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91 4130-4134 Zamzani NT, Hirsch B, Dallaporta P, Petit X, Kroemer G (1997) Mitochondrial implication in accidental and programmed cell death apoptosis and necrosis. J Bioenerg Biomembr 29 185-193... 

There is a plethora of evidence that supports PARPl as an important mediator of both programmed cell death (apoptosis) and necrosis (David et al. 2009 Hassa 2009). PARPl is split by caspases into two components (p89 and p24) this occurs in the process of apoptosis (Germain et al. 1999). Caspases are divided into two groups based on the role either as instigators or executioners of apoptosis the executioner caspases are caspase-3, caspase-6 and caspase-7 (Slee et al. 2001). 

Growth and Death of Cells and Humans The Cell Cycle, Apoptosis and Necrosis... 

CH 20 GROWTH AND DEATH OF CELLS AND HUMANS THE CELL CYCLE, APOPTOSIS AND NECROSIS... 

Lizard, G., Monier, S., Cordelet, C., Gesquiere, L., Deckert, V., Gueldry, S., Lagrost, L., Gambert, P. 1999. Characterization and comparison of the mode of cell death, apoptosis versus necrosis, induced by 7 fj-hyd roxvchoIcstcroI and 7-ketocholesterol in the cells of the vascular wall. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vase. Biol. 19, 1190-1200. 

Tier 3 of oxidative stress involves a cytotoxic response and mitochondrial membrane damage that lead to the activation of caspases that mediate programmed cell death (apoptosis) or necrosis, depending on the severity of oxidative insult. 

Exposure of SM to endothelial cells caused apoptosis and necrosis. Necrosis was accompanied by a significant depletion of intracellular ATP, while in apoptotic cells ATP remained at a level similar to healthy cells. Pretreatment with IV-acetyl cysteine all but eliminated the apoptotic features of cell death but did not prevent necrosis in response to SM. A-acetyl cysteine pretreatment prevented... 

Programmed cell death (apoptosis) and cell necrosis can be differentiated by morphology. However, liver diseases are often accompanied by a combination of both processes, so that there is mostly no clear borderline. Therefore, the term necrapoptosis was introduced. (30) This coexistence of apoptosis and necrosis can often be explained with the help of calcium-induced mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) (D.R. Hunter et al., 1976). 

TNF-a can mediate death of sensitive cells via apoptosis or necrosis (necrotic death is characterized by clumping of the nuclear chromatin, cellular swelling, disintegration of intracellular organelles and cell lysis apoptotic death is characterized by cellular shrinking, formation of dense apoptotic masses and DNA fragmentation). 

Although cadmium is not strongly mutagenic, it is known that it causes increased oxidative DNA damage and that it inhibits the DNA repair systems. It has also been found to induce cell death both by necrosis and apoptosis. Since the latter is extremely calcium-dependent, it seems likely that the pro-apoptotic effects of cadmium are due to its interference with calcium homeostasis. 

Capaccioh, S., and Orlandini, S. Z., 2000, Aponecrosis morphological and biochemical exploration of a syncretic process of cell death sharing apoptosis and necrosis, J. Cell Physiol. 182 41-49. 

Meilhac, O., Escargueil-Blanc, 1., Thiers, J.C., Salvayre, R., and Negre-Salvayre, A., 1999, Bcl-2 alters the balance between apoptosis and necrosis, but does not prevent cell death induced by oxidized low density hpoproteins, EASES J. 13 485-494. 

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