Biochemical exploration

Davis, B.D. (1954-1955). Biochemical Explorations with Bacterial Mutants. Harvey Lectures L, 230-257. 

Capaccioh, S., and Orlandini, S. Z., 2000, Aponecrosis morphological and biochemical exploration of a syncretic process of cell death sharing apoptosis and necrosis, J. Cell Physiol. 182 41-49. 

Krouse, H.R., 1977b. Sulphur isotope studies and their role in petroleum exploration. In B. Hitchon (Editor), Application of Geochemistry to the Search for Crude Oil and Natural Gas. J. Biochem. Explor., 7 189—211. 

An interesting hypermetabolic myopathy was discovered and biochemically explored by Luft et al. (L7). There was no evidence of hyperthyroidism, and mitochondria from biopsied muscle had a high rate of respiration and a loosely coupled state of oxidative phosphorylation. A few other cases of unusual myopathies with loosely coupled mitochondria have since been described (e.g., S12), although it does not seem that this is a single disease entity. 

Many of the species involved in the endogenous metabolism can undergo a multitude of transformations, have many reaction channels open, and by the same token, can be produced in many reactions. In other words, biochemical pathways represent a multi-dimensional space that has to be explored with novel techniques to appreciate and elucidate the full scope of this dynamic reaction system. 

Technology for very large (400,000-gallon) continuous fermenters was developed and is being practiced in the United Kingdom. This development pushes biochemical engineering to hmits not yet explored in the United States. 

Dietary studies, based on stable isotope values of animal tissues and foodstuffs, can be successful only insofar as the complexities of molecular metabolism manage to give rise to relatively simple relationships in what is measured. Many of these relationships have been explored, and have in part been described by observational regularities, and in part summarised by physiological or biochemical explanations. Some questions can and have now been clearly posed for example ... 

Ambrose focuses on stable nitrogen isotope ratios and reports the results of controlled diet and climate experiments on rats. He explores trophic level differences and heat stress and their effects on stable isotopes of nitrogen. As with the preceding chapters by Schwarcz and Hedges and van Klinken, Ambrose explores the various biochemical principles that explain why variation is expected under these circumstances. 

A second potential area to be explored may be biochemical encapsulation of chlorophylls to protect and prolong their stability. New techniques of encapsulation produce a milieu capable of quenching active forms of O2 (radicals and 02) that mimic the protective enviromnent of chlorophylls in the thylacoid membranes. 

Second is the application of a wide range of experimental designs and techniques. DNA CT is observed in a diverse array of systems over different distance and time regimes. Consequently, a versatile approach which draws upon complementary methods is required to explore different facets of this chemistry and develop a complete picture. We interrogate a variety of nucleic acid assemblies using spectroscopic, biochemical and electrochemical tools to define mechanistic features, exploit biological applications, and explore biological consequences of DNA CT. 

Oxidation is a widely used procedure in carbohydrate chemistry, mainly to access sugars that contain a carbonyl function to serve as valuable intermediates for a variety of derivatizations. Many procedures have been developed, employing either chemical or biochemical methodologies.14 148 While most of these methodologies rely on homogeneous catalysis, the use of heterogeneous catalysts has proved to be a feasible alternative.123c However, the utilization of catalysts based on silicon porous materials for the oxidation of carbohydrates is still a field to be further explored. 

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