Cell Capture

Fluid-phase uptake of macromolecules by cells in general is a slow process, and most administered macromolecules are eliminated from the host before any significant cellular uptake takes place. If, however, the macromolecule contains a moiety that is compatible with a receptor on a specific cell surface, then the macromolecule is attracted to the cell surface and the uptake is enhanced. This maximizes the opportunity for specific-cell capture. This type of cell-specific targeting has been developed to hepatocytes, with galactosamine to T lymphocytes, with anti-T cell antibodies and to mouse leukemia cells, with fucosylamine and other biomolecules. 

The number of cells captured using the MCLW with the electric field applied for 2 min was found to be equal to the number of bacteria captured in 1 h using the same concentration of bacteria but with no applied electric field. Thus, the electric field gave a 30-fold faster response time. The limit of detection was found to be 1 x 103 cells per mL when the electric field was applied for 2 min. This value has been... 

Kongkanand, A. Martinez Dominguez, R. Kamat, P. V., Single wall carbon nanotube scaffolds for photoelectrochemical solar cells. Capture and transport of photogenerated electrons. Nano Lett. 2007, 7, 676-680. 

Eukaryotic cells alone possess enclosed subcellular structures, including, for example, the mitochondria. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells and 1 will have much more to say about them in chapter 17. For the present, it has been recognized for some years that the mitochondria are derived from bacteria at some point in the distant past. The basic idea is that an earlier eukaryotic cell captured a bacterium at some point and symbiotic relationships developed. The story may be more complex and more interesting. 

Enhancement of immunomagnetic cell capture experiments - shear strain field... 

Magnetic beads (50 nm) were used in a PC chip to fractionate E. coli cells (K12) from sheep blood cells. A biotinylated rabbit polyclonal anti-E. coli antibody was first attached to the magnetic beads coated with streptavidin. Then E. coli became attached to the beads and was retained by the magnetic field. On the other hand, the other non-retained blood cells were washed away. The cell capture efficiency was evaluated after subsequent PCR of E. coli DNA [227]. 

At the time I was in graduate school, it was recognized that living cells capture energy from oxidation of foodstuffs by making adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate. The ATP is then used in a myriad of functions — muscle contraction, nerve, brain, and kidney function, metabolic syntheses, and solute transport. How this oxidative phosphorylation occurrs remained for many years a major unsolved problem in biochemistry. 

Haskell CA, Cleary MD, Charo IF (2000) Unique role of the chemokine domain of fractalkine irr cell capture kirretics of receptor dissociatiorr correlate with cell adhesion. J Biol Chem 275 34183-34189. 

The cork oak (Q. suber) is another commercially valuable species found throughout the Mediterranean region. The thick bark composed mostly of cork cells can be harvested every 10 years in early summer to provide sheets of soft, smooth cork useful in many ways. The cork cells capture air inside as they dry, making the material extremely resilient and buoyant. Cork has been used to manufacture floats, handles, stoppers, and as insulation, since it is a poor conductor of heat and sound. 

Both mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes are believed to have evolved through endosymbiosis. This model of organelle evolution proposes that eukaryotic cells captured bacteria that later provided the function of mitochondria and chloroplast. Phylogenetic studies based on DNA sequence analysis suggest that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved separately from eubacterial lineages... 

L. S. Jang and M. H. Wang, Microfluidic device for cell capture and impedance measurement, Biomed. Microdevices, 9, 737-743 (2007). 

Assuming an average epithelial cell diameter of 7 pm and a 30-pm laser spot size, the operator can expect to collect, on average, 5-6 cells per laser pulse. Using this information, it is possible to estimate the number of cells captured based on... 

C. Shi, Q. li, Y. Zhao, W. Chen, B. Chen, Z. Xiao, et al.. Stem-cell-capturing collagen scaffold promotes cardiac tissue re- [197] generation, Biomaterials 32 (2011) 2508-2515. 

Cell attachment Cell binding Cell capture Cell release... 

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