Cell adhesion molecules signal transduction

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules signal to the cytoplasm. In some instances, adhesion may act primarily to bind membranes to surfaces but it now seems clear that some IgCAMs act via the cytoplasmic domain after engaging with a cognate partner molecule to initiate a signal-transduction cascade as a direct consequence of an adhesive interaction. A good example of this is the Trk receptors, which have two Ig domains in their... 

Oxidised LDL in the artery wall initiates a series of reactions designed to repair the damage it causes. Initial damage triggers an inflammatory response. Monocytes enter the artery waU from the bloodstream, with platelets adhering to the area of insult. This may be promoted by induction of factors such as vascular ceU adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), a cell-surface sialoglycoprotein that is expressed by cytokine-activated endothelium. This membrane protein mediates leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion and signal transduction, and may play a role in the development of atherosclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. 

Mohan C (1999) Cell adhesion molecules in signal transduction. In Signal transduction catalogue and technical handbook. Calbiochem, San Diego, CA... 

Aplin, A.E., Howe, A., Alahari, S.K., Jiiliano, R.L. (1998) Signal transduction and signal modulation by cell adhesion receptors the role of integrins, cadherins, immunoglobulin-cell adhesion molecules, and selectins. Pharmacol. Rev. 50, 197-263. 

Selectins are cell-adhesion molecules that mediate leukocyte recruitment in irmnune reactions and signal transduction. Selectins comprise three members termed E-, P-, and L-selectin. The CRD is located at the N-terminus, followed by an EGF-hke domain. There are various numbers of consensus repeat sequences following the EGF-like domain. P-selectin, L-selectin and E-selectin contain nine, six, and two repeats, respectively. A transmembrane segment and a cytoplasmic tail are located at the C-terminal. The key domains for target recognition and sugar binding are the N-terminal CRD and EGF-like domain. ... 

Doherty P, Walsh FS. 1994. Signal transduction events underlying neurite outgrowth stimulated by cell adhesion molecules. Curr Opin Neurobiol 4 49-55. 

Burden-Galley SM, Pendergast M, Lemmon V (1997) The role of cell adhesion molecule LI in axonal extension, growth cone motiUty, and signal transduction. CeU Tissue Res 290 415-422... 

Schofield L, Novakovic S, Gerold P, Schwarz RT, McConville MJ, Tachado SD 1996. Gly-cosylphosphatidylinositol toxin of Plasmodium up-regulates intercellular adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and E-selectin expression in vascular endothelial cells and increases leukocyte and parasite cytoadherence via tyrosine kinase-dependent signal transduction. J Immunol 156 1886-1896. 

Adhesion molecules are indispensable components of nervous tissue. They adhere cell membranes to each other with varying degrees of strength and translate adhesion into cellular responses via signal-transduction pathways (see, for example, [45]). The major classes of adhesion molecules, the integrins, IgCAMs and cadherins, act cooperatively [46] and in concert to coordinate brain development and maturation and, in adulthood, to maintain the normal tissue architecture. 

The balance of opposing pro- and anti-platelet forces determines the overall hemostatic response. Successful hemostasis is achieved when assorted signal-transduction systems, mediators, white blood cells, and platelet receptors for agonists and adhesion molecules overcome the local resistance against platelet activation to generate... 

---