Carrot fiber

Role of Pectin in Binding of Bile Acids to Carrot Fiber... 

Carrot fiber, prepared as an alcohol-acetone insoluble residue of cell wall material, binds deoxycholate and chenodeoxycholate under physiological conditions with the release of protons. Removal of calcium pectate from this material by extraction with ammonium oxalate reduces the capacity of carrot fiber to bind bile acids. Calcium carboxymethyl cellulose exhibits similar binding activity, whereas free carboxymethyl cellulose shows no binding. Calcium pectate prepared from citrus pectin and dissolved in water was found to bind bile acids under conditions used with carrot fiber. These results suggest that binding occurs through formation of salt linkage between calcium pectate in the cell wall residue and a bile acid. 

Carrot fiber has been shown to bind bile acids under physiological conditions (1,2). Our earlier investigations have established that co-binding of bile acids releases protons and can be related to the content of calcium in the fiber preparation (2). 

We have proposed that the binding of bile acids to carrot fiber, or cell wall residue rich in pectin, may involve salt linkages between calcium pectate and the carboxylate group of the bile acid. This report presents studies that furnish additional evidence that calcium pectate does have a role in the binding of bile acids to carrot fiber. 

Future activities include the improvement of techniques for selecting quality attributes already identified, and to add other attributes. A faster laboratory method for screening the "Iso-coumarlns", volatile terpenoids, sugar types, and carotenoids will be valuable. Other flavor attributes of both fresh and processed carrots need consideration. The potential for genetic improvement of carrot fiber, which is a high quality nutrient (13) that may Influence texture, also warrants investigation. 

Ershoff (14, 16) tested the effects of a vast array of fibers on toxicity of 5 sodium cyclamate. In male rats the most complete protection was afforded by 10 gum Karaya, 10 blond psyllium seed or husk, 20 alfalfa meal and 20 carrot root powder. The most effective substance in female rats was alfalfa meal fed as 15 or 20 of the diet (Table IV). 

Fig. 36. — Carrot showing (by shaded part) the proportion of water. Remainder is mainly starch, sugar, and fiber.

If you love tuna salad sandwiches but want to avoid the mercury and acidity from tuna, you ll love this recipe. This is my favorite use for the fiber-and nutrient-filled pulp left over after juicing carrots. These sandwiches taste great. 

In beverages, carrot pomace, or citrus waste will stabilize the natural color, improve the vitamin and fiber content, enhance the viscosity (mouthfeel) (Laufenberg et al., 1996), and enrich or adjust the cloudy appearance (Sreenath et al., 1995). The organoleptic and chemical properties offer a widespread use in healthy and functional drinks and selected fruit juices. 

During the course of bile acid binding assays of carrot AAIR it was noted that a peak emerged at the void volume during HPLC of the solution of bile acid that had been in contact with the fiber. We therefore suspected that the bile acid solution was solubilizing some small fraction of the AAIR. Accordingly, carrot AAIR was then extracted with sodium deoxycholate and a pectin fraction was isolated by alcohol precipitation of the... 

For example, almost all carrot pieces were degraded into viscous reddish orange paste, and the residue consisted of cuticle, crude fibers, and other insoluble matter. Production of unicellular sweet potato was exemplified (Table IV) by using Pancellase P500 (equivalent to Cellulase onozuka P500) with or without Macerozyme (33). Sweet potato pieces... 

Fiber comes in two forms soluble and insoluble. The most common insoluble fiber is cellulose, which is found in lettuce, carrots, bean sprouts, celery, brown rice, most other vegetables, many fruit skins, and pumpernickel bread. Insoluble fiber binds various molecules but otherwise merely forms bulk in the lower intestine. Soluble fibers include amylopectin and other pectins, as well as complex starches. Uncooked and mildly processed foods contain a higher proportion of this type of fiber. 

Carrots (Daucus carota L.) make a significant contribution to the American diet by providing fiber, minerals, and vitamins... 

Cummings, J.H. Branch, W. Jenkins, D.J.A. Southgate, D.A.T. Houston, H. James, W.P.T, Colonic response to dietary fiber from carrot, cabbage, apple, bran, and guar gum. Lancet 1978, 1, 5-9. 

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