CARDBOARD

Carcinomas S. carcinostaticus Cardace Cardamom Cardamom oil [8000-66-6] Cardamom seed Cardamon seed Cardanol [37330-39-5] Cardboard Cardene... 

A number of chemical products are derived from Sasol s synthetic fuel operations based on the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis including paraffin waxes from the Arge process and several polar and nonpolar hydrocarbon mixtures from the Synthol process. Products suitable for use as hot melt adhesives, PVC lubricants, cormgated cardboard coating emulsions, and poHshes have been developed from Arge waxes. Wax blends containing medium and hard wax fractions are useful for making candles, and over 20,000 t/yr of wax are sold for this appHcation. 

Parameter Glossy Nonglossy Cardboard Film Rubber, leather. Wood Other Total... 

The word match is of uncertain origin. In common parlance, a match is a short, slender, elongated piece of wood or cardboard, suitably impregnated and tipped to permit, through pyrochemical action between dry soHds with a binder, the creation of a small transient flame. The word match also is used for fuse lines which after ignition on one end serve as fire-transfer agents in fireworks and for explosives (qv). Such items belong in the field of pyrotechnics... 

The final step in the development of the modem match was the invention of the safety-type cardboard match ascribed to Joshua Pusey (1892), now called the book match. It dominates the American match industry and is gaining in popularity in other countries although it was rather slow in gaining acceptance because it was somewhat mote difficult to ignite than the wood-splint match. 

The principle of the safety match is also used in the pull-wire fuse lighter used to start a fuse train for the ignition of fireworks items or more frequently for blasting work. This is a reversed pull match whereby the striker material is coated on a pull wire, and the match head material is within a small metal cup in a cardboard tube. Pulling the coated wire vigorously out of the device ignites the match mixture in the tube for fire transfer to the tubular fuse train. 

For 1976 the Consumer Product Safety Commission estimated that the total of all flame producers, ie, book matches (made from cardboard), iadividual (wooden) stick matches, and lighters, amounted to 645 x 10 of such fire resources or "lights." Paper matches accounted for about 65% or 420 x 10 , lighters for 25% or 160 X 10 , and wooden matches, the remaining 10% or 65 x 10 . ... 

Low Level Waste. The NRC 10CFR61 specifies the nature of the protection required for waste containers (20). Class A wastes must meet minimum standards, including no use of cardboard, wastes must be solidified, have less than 1% Hquid, and not be combustible, corrosive, or explosive. Class B wastes must meet the minimum standards but also have stabiHty, ie, these must retain size and shape under soil weight, and not be influenced by moisture or radiation. Class C wastes must be isolated from a potential inadvertent intmder, ie, one who uses unrestricted land for a home or farm. Institutional control of a disposal faciHty for 100 years after closure is requited. 

Large quantities of pelletized HDPE are shipped by rail in hopper cars with a capacity of 80—100 t. Smaller orders are distributed in cormgated cardboard boxes (1.0 X 1.2 x 0.9 m) with a capacity of 450—500 kg of resin. 

Fatty amine products are normally shipped in 55-gal (208 L), lined and unlined, steel dmms or in tank cars or tank tmcks for bulk shipments. High melting amines can be flaked and shipped in cardboard cartons or paper bags. The amines are corrosive to skin and eyes. Protective splash goggles and gloves should be worn when handling these materials. 

Wire sparklers are wires coated with pyrotechnic composition which are hand-held and produce a gende spray of gold sparks from iron filings. Fountains are cardboard tubes filled with chemical mixtures that produce a spray of color and sparks extending 2—5 m into the air. Roman candles are cylindrical tubes which repeatedly fire colored stars distances of 5—20 m into the air. These items typically contain 5—12 stars. 

A listing of compounds evaluated in the laboratory as cockroach repeUents summarizes 872 synthetic compounds out of 901 bioassayed from 1953 to 1974 (43). EenchoHc acid [512-77-6] (3-isopropyl-1-methylcyclopentanecarboxyHc acid) has been used as a standard repeUent in tests conducted by placing 20 cockroaches in a glass crystallizing dish without food and water and offering them a choice of two cardboard shelters, one of which was treated with 1 or 2 mL of a 1% solution of the candidate in acetone. Counts were made daily for seven days. 

Succinic acid and succinic anhydride are sold in 25-kg net polyethylene (PE) bags having cardboard box protection for the anhydride, in 70-liter (50-kg net) fiber dmms, and in 55-gaHon (275-lb 125-kg net) dmms. The two products must be stored in a fresh, dry, ventilated area. Succinic anhydride must be carefully protected from moisture during transportation and storage to avoid hydrolysis to succinic acid. 

Siace a large part of the beer market is take-home beer, brewers must provide retailers with packs that are easily handled and stored. Clear shrink wrappiag has become a dominant feature because it permits the content of the pack to be seen. Other packagiag methods are Shrink Wrapped 2 dozea Tray Pack, Cardboard Sleeve, Hi Coae 3 Pack, Hi Coae 6 Pack ia Tray, and Top CHp Bottle Pack (see Packaging materials). 

Shipment. The shipment of porcelain enamel is typically in 45-kg (100-lb) three-ply paper bags. More recently, 227-kg (500-lb) multi-ply cardboard barrels and bulk bags made of high strength woven polymers have been used. Porcelain enamel frit, powder, and premixed and premilled mill additions ate shipped in these flexible containers. 

Rubbish. Rubbish consists of combustible and noncorn-bustible sohd wastes, excluding food wastes or other putrescible materials. Typically, combustible rubbish consists of materials such as paper, cardboard, plastics, textiles, rubber, leather, wood, furniture, and garden trimmings. Noncombustible rubbish consists of items such as glass, crockeiy, tin cans, aluminum cans, ferrous and other nonferrous metals, dirt, and construction wastes. 

Manual Component Separation The manual separation of solid-waste components can be accomplished at the source where solid wastes are generated, at a transfer station, at a centralized processing station, or at the disposal site. Manual sorting at the source of generation is the most positive way to achieve the recoveiy and reuse of materials. The number and types of components salvaged or sorted (e.g., cardboard and high-quality paper, metals, and wood) depend on the location, the opportunities for recycling, and the resale market. There has been an evolution in the solid waste indus-tiy to combine manual and automatic separation techniques to reduce overall costs and produce a cleaner product, especially for recyclable materials. 

---