Carbon nanotubes reinforced coatings

Kwok, C.T. (2007) Fabrication of carbon nanotube reinforced hydroxyapatite coating on stainless steel 316L by laser surface treatment. 11th International Conference on Precision Engineering-Toward Synthesis of Micro/Nano Systems (11th ICPE), Tokyo, Japan, August 16-18, 2006, pp. 261-265. 

Balani K, Anderson R, Laha T, Andara M, Tercero J, Crumpler E, et al. Plasma-sprayed carbon nanotube reinforced hydroxyapatite coatings and their interaction with human osteoblasts in vitro. Biomaterials 2007 28 618-24. 

Bakshi, S. R. Singh, V. Balani, K. Graham McCartney, D. Seal, S. Agarwal, A. (2008). Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Aluminum Composite Coating via Cold Spraying, Surface Coatings and Technology, Vol. 202, No. 21, pp. 5162-5169, ISSN 2578972... 

Lopez, A.J., Rico, A., Rodriguez, J and Rams, J. (2010) Tough ceramic coatings carbon nanotube reinforced siUca sol geL Appl. Surf. ScL, 256 (21), 6375 6384. 

Yang Y. L., Wang Y. D., Ren Y, He C. S., Deng J. N. et al. (2008), Single-waUed carbon nanotube-reinforced copper composite coatings prepared by electrodeposition under ultrasonic field , A/aier Lett., 62,47-50, doi 10.1016/j.matlet.2007.04.086. 

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are coated with SiC because MWCNTs are more useful as reinforcements and more cost effective than... 

Morisada, Y., Miyamoto, Y., (2004), SiC-coated carbon nanotubes and their application as reinforcements for cemented carbides , Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 381, 57-61. 

Multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-reinforced hydroxyapatite composite coatings (80% HAp/20% MWCNT) were deposited on austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L by laser surface alloying (LSA) with a 2.5-kW CW Nd YAG laser (Kwok, 2007). EIS of unprotected AISI 316L and HAp/MWCNT-coated steel obtained at open circuit potential are shown in Figure 7.60 after immersion in 0.9% NaCl solution for 2 h. The Bode plot shows that the total impedance Z has noticeably increased for the steel substrate coated with HAp/MWCNT. While the thin passive oxide film on the stainless steel surface was rendered less protective... 

Therefore the three t)rpes of materials modified with carbon particles were prepared (i) carbon fibre-reinforced carbon composites (CERC), materials promising for hard tissue surgery, coated with a fullerene Ceo layer, (ii) terpolymer of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyldifluoride and pol)rpropylene mixed with 4 wt. % of single or multi-walled carbon nanotubes and (iii) nanostructured or hierarchically micro- and nanostructured diamond layers deposited on silicon substrates [23]. 

Hwang and Hwang [49] have synthesized composite rods (carbon nanotube coated with silica) by using surfactant (CTAB)-carbon nanotube co-micelles as templates. These glass rods produced by the sol-gel method were used as inclusions to reinforce ceramic matrices. A similar approach was used by Ning et al [50] to coat the surface of CNTs with silica. 

Nanofillers may be nanoclays, carbon nanotubes (single or multiwall) (CNTs), silica, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), metal oxides, etc., offering the promise of a variety of new composites, adhesives, coatings, and sealant materials with specific properties [32-37]. Among the fillers mentioned, nanoclays have attracted most of the academia and industry interest, due to their abrmdance as raw materials and to the fact that their dispersion in polymer matrices has been studied for decades [38]. In fact, there are three major polymer nanocomposites categories in terms of nanofiller type that are expected to compile the global nanocomposites market in 2011 nanoclay-reinforced (24%), metal oxide-reinforced (19%), and CNTs-reinforced (15%) ones [39-41]. 

Recently, the electropolymerization of pyrene derivatives, previously adsorbed onto carbon nanotubes by dip coating, was reported as an efficient procedure to reinforce the mechanical stability of the 7i-stacked compounds [23]. This approach allows the formation of ultrathin polymer films over the whole surface of the nanotube structures immobilized on the electrode. 

One of the initial uses for exfoliated clay in barrier applications involved a 20 pm coating on the interior of a tennis ball to prevent depressurization. The product was developed by InMat LLC and introduced in 2001. Sports equipment was one of the initial areas where carbon fiber composites were commercialized. This is also true for carbon nanotubes, where the carbon nanotubes (at low levels) reinforce the epoxy matrix of the carbon fiber composite in speciality tennis rackets and hockey sticks. In such applications, performance overrides the economic disadvantages of the expensive carbon nanotube inclusion. 

Wear resistant coatings silica sol gd reinforced with carbon nanotubes. Thin Solid Films, 519 (22), 7904 7910. 

Fabrication of novel sol gel sihca coatings reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Mater. Lett., 64 (8), 924 927. 

Flame-barrier coatings—Thin coatings composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in silicone matrices exhibit outstanding flame barrier characteristics (i.e., protection from combustion and decomposition). In addition, they offer abrasion and scratch resistance do not produce toxic gases and are extremely adherent to most glass, metal, wood, plastic, and composite surfaces. Hame-barrier coatings are used in aerospace, aviation, electronic, and industrial applications, and typically applied on wires and cables, foams, fuel tanks, and reinforced composites. 

M. A. Samad, and S. K. Sinha. Mechanical, thermal and tribological characterization of a UHMWPE film reinforced with carbon nanotubes coated on steel. Tribology International 44,1932-1941 (2011). 

The study of coating carbon nanotubes with metal/oxides nanoparticles is now becoming a promising and challenging area of research. It is necessary to attach different functional groups or other nanostructures to their surface to optimize the use of carbon nanotubes in various applications. The combination of these distinctive properties of carbon nanotubes and metal/oxides may be applied in field emission displays, nanoelectronic devices, novel catalysts, and polymer or ceramic reinforcement. 

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