Carbon dioxide formula

Why is potassium aluminium sulphate not soluble in benzene A compound M has the composition C = 50.0% H=12.5%o A1 = 37.5%. 0.360 g of M reacts with an excess of water to evolve 0.336 1 of gas N and leave a white gelatinous precipitate R. R dissolves in aqueous sodium hydroxide and in hydrochloric acid. 20 cm of N require 40 cm of oxygen for complete combustion, carbon dioxide and water being the only products. Identify compounds N and R, suggest a structural formula for M, and write an equation for the reaction of M with water. (All gas volumes were measured at s.t.p.)... 

Carbon dioxide has a linear structure. The simple double-bonded formula, however, does not fully explain the structure since the measured carbon-oxygen bond lengths are equal but intermediate between those expected for a double and a triple bond. A more accurate representation is, therefore, obtained by considering carbon dioxide as a resonance hybrid of the three structures given below ... 

Heat reagent-grade material for 1 hr at 255-265°C. Cool in an efficient desiccator. Titrate sample with acid to pH 4-5 (first green tint of bromocresol green), boil the solution to eliminate the carbon dioxide, cool, and again titrate to pH 4-5. Equivalent weight is one-half the formula weight. 

Ammonium bicarbonate, sp gr 1.586, formula wt 79.06, is the only compound in the NH —CO2—H2O system that dissolves in water without decomposition. SolubiUty in 100 g of H2O ranges from 11.9 g at 0°C to 59.2 g/100 g of H2O at 60°C (8). The heat of formation from gaseous ammonia and carbon dioxide andUquid water is 126.5 kj/mol (30.2 kcal/mol). Ammonium bicarbonate is manufactured by passing carbon dioxide gas... 

The rate of decomposition in unmanaged landfills, as measured by gas production, reaches a peak within the first 2 years and then slowly tapers off, continuing in many cases for periods up to 25 years or more. The total volume of the gases released during anaerobic decomposition can be estimated in a number of ways. If all the organic constituents in the wastes (with the exception of plastics, rubber, and leather) are represented with a generahzed formula of the form QH O N, the total volume of gas can be estimated by using Eq. (25-27) with the assumption of completed conversion to carbon dioxide and methane. 

A non-linear regression analysis is employed using die Solver in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet to determine die values of and in die following examples. Example 1-5 (Chapter 1) involves the enzymatic reaction in the conversion of urea to ammonia and carbon dioxide and Example 11-1 deals with the interconversion of D-glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. The Solver (EXAMPLEll-l.xls and EXAMPLEll-3.xls) uses the Michaehs-Menten (MM) formula to compute v i- The residual sums of squares between Vg(,j, and v j is then calculated. Using guessed values of and the Solver uses a search optimization technique to determine MM parameters. The values of and in Example 11-1 are ... 

The former passes into the second on further oxidation with hydrogen peroxide, indicating that it is an a-keto-carboxylic acid. Acid (b) loses carbon dioxide on fusion and gives a neutral substance, CjaHj OgN, m.p. 238°, which was shown to be 6 7-methylenedioxy-A-methylphenanthri-done (I), by comparison with a synthetic specimen. The position of the carboxyl group in (b) could not be determined by synthetic methods but is probably at since dihydrolycorineanhydromethine, Cl 7 7 2 ) m.p. 87-5° [picrate, m.p. 174° (dec.) methiodide, m.p. 236° (dec.)] on distillation with zinc dust yields a mixture of phenanthridine, 1-methyl-phenanthridine and 6 7-methylenedioxyphenanthridine, m.p. 142° [picrate, m.p. 257° (dec.)], the identity of the two latter being established by comparison with the synthetic products. These results indicate for lycorineanhydromethine formula (II). 

As a substance of formula (HI) should lose carbon dioxide on heating, whereas pilopic acid is stable even at 200°, it seemed probable that homo-pilopic acid is represented by (II) and pilopic acid by (IV). Jowett also showed that pilocarpine, like wopilocarpine, yields Aomopilopic acid when oxidised by permanganate.In the oxidation of the two alkaloids the two nitrogen atoms are eliminated as ammonia and methylamine. 

The carbon dioxide content (i.e. of types 3 and 4) can be ascertained from the pH of the water and its alkalinity by a formula devised by Tillmans ... 

Hexamefoylenediamine (MM = 116.2 g/mol), a compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen atoms, is used in the production of nylon. When 6.315 g of hexamefoylenediamine is burned in oxygen, 14.36 g of carbon dioxide and 7.832 g of water are obtained. What are foe simplest and molecular formulas of this compound ... 

Carbon dioxide has the formula COj. Remembering that the prefix di means two, and tri means three, write the molecular formula for each of the following substances carbon disulfide, sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide. (If you don t know the symbol for an element, use the table inside the back cover of the book.)... 

The molecular formula for the substance formaldehyde is HsCO. Formaldehyde burns to form carbon dioxide and water. What equation represents this reaction ... 

A paraffin candle bums in air to form water and carbon dioxide. Paraffin is made up of molecules of several sizes. We shall use the molecular formula Cj Hm as representative of the molecules present. One mole of candle contains the Avo-gadro number of these molecules. 

Methane, the main constituent of natural gas, has the formula CH4. Its combustion products are carbon dioxide and water. 

The usual method for finding the empirical formula is simply illustrated with ethanol, a compound containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. A weighed amount of the pure compound is completely burned in oxygen to give carbon dioxide (from the carbon) and water... 

By far the majority of the million or so known compounds of carbon also contain hydrogen and oxygen. There are several important types of oxygen-containing organic compounds and they can be studied as an oxidation series. For instance, the compound methanol, CH3OH, is very closely related to methane, as their structural formulas show. Methanol can be regarded as the first step in the complete oxidation of methane to carbon dioxide and water. 

Now lets consider the elemental approach to stoichiometry for a relatively simple situation aerobic growth where the only products formed are cells, carbon dioxide and water. The following formulas can be used if we consider the four main elements ... 

Assume that all the CO generated in the first step reacts in the second, (a) How many C atoms are needed to react with 600. Fe20, formula units (b) What is the maximum volume of carbon dioxide (taken to have a density of 1.25 g-L ) that can be generated in the production of 1.0 t of iron (1 t = 10 kg) ... 

A combustion analysis was carried out on 1.621 g of a newly synthesized compound, which was known to contain only C, H, and O. The masses of water and carbon dioxide produced were 1.902 g and 3.095 g, respectively. What is the empirical formula of the compound ... 

Self-Test M.3A When 0.528 g of sucrose (a compound of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen) is burned, 0.306 g of water and 0.815 g of carbon dioxide are formed. Deduce the empirical formula of sucrose. 

In a combustion analysis, the amounts of C, H, and O atoms in a sample of a compound, and thus its empirical formula, are determined from the masses of carbon dioxide and water produced when the compound bums in excess oxygen. 

M.9 The stimulant in coffee and tea is caffeine, a substance of molar mass 194 g-mol When 0.376 g of caffeine was burned, 0.682 g of carbon dioxide, 0.174 g of water, and 0.1 10 g of nitrogen were formed. Determine the empirical and molecular formulas of caffeine, and write the equation for its combustion. 

M.10 Nicotine, the stimulant in tobacco, causes a very complex set of physiological effects in the body. It is known to have a molar mass of 162 g-mol. When a sample of mass 0.385 g was burned, 1.072 g of carbon dioxide, 0.307 g of water, and 0.068 g of nitrogen were produced. What are the empirical and molecular formulas of nicotine Write the equation for its combustion. 

---