Acids Carbon monoxide

Because the solution is capable of absorbing one mole of carbon monoxide per mole of cuprous ion, it is desirable to maximize the copper content of the solution. The ammonia not only complexes with the cuprous ion to permit absorption but also increases the copper solubiUty and thereby permits an even greater carbon monoxide absorption capacity. The ammonia concentration is set by a balance between ammonia vapor pressure and solution acidity. Weak organic acids, eg, formic, acetic, and carbonic acid, are used because they are relatively noncorrosive and inexpensive. A typical formic acid... 

Oxalic acid is relatively stable by itself it decomposes at a temperature starting at its melting point, which corresponds to 189.5°C, forming carbon dioxide, monoxide, formic acid and water. 

VOCs - A VOC is any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, metal carbides or carbonates and ammonium carbonate, which participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions1. VOCs are precursors to ground-level ozone production and various photochemical pollutants and are major components in the formation of smog through photochemical reactions2,3. There are many sources of VOCs, as will be discussed later. 

Phosgene is a colorless gas at ambient temperature and pressure. Its odor has been described as similar to new-mown hay. Phosgene is manufactured from a reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine gas in the presence of activated charcoal. The production of dyestuffs, isocyanates, carbonic acid esters (polycarbonates), acid chlorides, insecticides, and pharmaceutical chemicals requires phosgene. Manufacture of phosgene is approximately 1 million tons per year (y) in the United States, and more than 10,000 workers are involved in its manufacture and use. Manufacture of phosgene in the United States is... 

Carbomethoxybenzaldehyde, 30, 100 5-Carbomethoxy valeryl chloride, 38, 39 Carbon disulfide, 30, 57 39, 8, 78 Carbonic acid, trithio-, bis(carboxy-methyl) ester, 39, 77 Carbonic-carboxylic anhydrides, 37, 21 Carbon monoxide, 34, 14 Carbon oxysulfide, 32, 103 Carbon tetrachloride, 32, 27 37, 8 Carbonylation, of pyrogallol-1,3-dimethyl ether with hexamethylenetetramine, 31, 92 of pyrrole with dimethylformamide,... 

Carbon monoxide oxidase 893 Carbonic acid, pkCa value of 99 Carbonic anhydrase 443,676 - 678,710 active site structure 679 mechanism 678 turnover number of 458,678 Carbonium ion. See Carbocation 1,1 -Carbonyl-diimidazole 105s Carbonyl group... 

Carbon dioxide is reduced to the monoxide by reaction with hot carbon. By reaction with water, carbon dioxide (carbonic anhydride) reacts to a limited extent to form carbonic acid... 

While these experiments, which were carried out without giving a theoretical insight into the nature of the electrochemical reaction, yielded almost all the possible oxidation products in the oxidation of methyl alcohol, Elbs and Brunner 2 have discovered a method which gives 80% of the current yield in formaldehyde. This is exactly the substance which could not be proven present up to that time among the electrolytic oxidation products of methyl alcohol. Elbs and Brunner electrolyzed an aqueous solution of 160 g. methyl alcohol and 49 to 98 g. sulphuric acid in a litre. They employed a bright platinum anode in an earthenware cylinder, using a current density of 3.75 amp.1 and a temperature of 30°. Only traces of formic acid and carbonic acid and a little carbon monoxide, aside from the 80 per cent, of formaldehyde, were formed. Plating the platinum anode with platinum decreased the yield of formaldehyde at the expense of the carbon dioxide. With an anode of lead peroxide the carbon dioxide exceeded the aldehyde. 

Sodium fi-iodopropionate according to the last-named investigators, yields a little iodoform besides iodine the gases formed are principally carbonic acid. Carbon monoxide and oxygen occur only in small quantity. 

Glycollie Acid.—If a solution of 30 g. sodium glycollate in 38 cc. water is electrolyzed with a current strength of 1 amp., there are formed chiefly carbonic acid and formaldehyde,. besides a little carbon monoxide, formic acid, and oxygen (Miller and Hofer1). Walker2 obtained aldehyde in the electrolysis of the sodium salt of ethyl glycollic ether. 

Methoxylglycollic Acid.—The electrolysis of its sodium salt was made by the same authors3 and yielded formaldehyde, methylal, formic acid, and carbonic acid in dilute solution also carbon monoxide and a little methyl alcohol. 

Oxybutyric Acid (CH3-CH(OH)-CH2-COOH).—From this acid were obtained in the positive electrolyte crotonic aldehyde and a little formic acid, also resinous substances. Considerable quantities of carbonic acid, also a little carbon monoxide and unsaturated hydrocarbons, are formed. The small quantities... 

Mandelic Acid.—This substance yielded at the anode chiefly carbonic acid, a little carbon monoxide, and also benzaldehyde. The same body was formed in the electrolysis of phenyl-glyceric acid. 

The acid salt is very energetically decomposed, becoming first red and then brown. At the anode carbonic-acid gas, carbon monoxide, oxygen, and nitrogen escape (Bourgoin1). 

Glacial Acetic Acid yields about 35 per cent, carbon monoxide, 26 per cent, hydrogen, 15.5 per cent, carbonic acid, and 12 per cent, saturated and 7 per cent, unsaturated hydrocarbons. 

Carbonic Acid.—Berthelot1 observed the decomposition into carbon monoxide and oxygen. The reaction is reversible, an equilibrium occurs, in which, however, the partially ozonized oxygen converts carbon monoxide into carbonic acid and a solid carbon suboxide, C4O3, which Brodie 2 had already formerly observed. Carbon dioxide, under a pressure of 3-10 mm. mercury, splits up very rapidly and up to 70 per cent, into carbon monoxide and oxygen (Norman Collie 3). 

Carbon Monoxide.—Considering the easy decomposability of carbonic acid with splitting off of carbon monoxide, the latter s behavior is particularly interesting. According to Berthelot2 it breaks up into carbonic acid and the above-mentioned suboxide ... 

Moist carbon monoxide, according to the concordant results of Losanitsch1 and Jovitschitsch, of Lob 3, and of Hemptinne,4 yields formic acid. There are also always formed some carbonic acid (Maquenne,5 and Hemptinne) and hydrogen (Ma-quenne). The dimensions of the electrizer, particularly the distance of the walls between which the discharge occurs, are of special influence on the result (Hemptinne). 

---