4- -4-oxybutyric acid

Butter-nuss, /. butternut, -persaure, /. per-oxybutyric acid, perbutyric acid, -priifer, tn, butter tester. 

Oxybutyric Acid (CH3-CH(OH)-CH2-COOH).—From this acid were obtained in the positive electrolyte crotonic aldehyde and a little formic acid, also resinous substances. Considerable quantities of carbonic acid, also a little carbon monoxide and unsaturated hydrocarbons, are formed. The small quantities... 

T -Oxybutyric Acid (CH2OH CH2 CH2 electrolyzed the alkali salt of /-isoamyloxybutyric acid in order to obtain symmetrical hexylene glycol, or its diamyl ether. The desired reaction did not take place ... 

Examples.—(1) In aqueous solution y-oxybutyric acid is converted into y-butyrolactone, and 7-butyrolactone is transformed into 7-oxybutyric acid according to the equation,... 

Hanford and Adams (20) reduced the o-nitrobenzylamide of y-phen-oxybutyric acid, and cyclized the product at 270. Hydrobromic add removed the phenoxy group and the resulting 2>y-bromopropyl-3 4-dihydroquinazoline cyclized to VII on addition of alkali. 

Butyrc ctone (y - Butyrokutone, 3 - hydr> oxybutyric acid lactone)... 

The second example we wish to discuss is a classical of acid catalyzed reactions whose interpretation has shown the weakness of both the Zucker-Hammett hypothesis and the Bunnett w treatment. In fact, the lactonization(16) of y y oxybutyric acid follows h and gives w = 2.21 and 2,23 in HCIO and HCl, respectively, whereas the hydrolysis of Y butyrolactone(16) follows Cjj+ and gives w = 8.50 and 6.11, respectively. In other terms, the transition states for the two reactions are classified into two categories, with the water molecule being implied as nucleophile only in the latter reaction. 

Ethyl(carbotliiolon)lactic acid (+) ( CjHjoOsS, ) + Ethyl(carbothiolon)oxybutyric acid (+) C H,gOsSg)... 

Ethyl(carbothiolon)lactic acid ( C H,0O3S2 ) rac Ethyl(carbothiolon)oxybutyric acid ( C HijOsSe ) rac... 

Adhesives, coatings, and moldings 2-Allyloxyacetic acid, 3-allyl-oxypropionic acid, and 4-allyl-oxybutyric acid United States 2,602,786 1952 Swift Co. 

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